#philosophical_doctrine__philosophicaldoctrine__philosophical_theory__philosophicaltheory a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy supertype: #doctrine__philosophy__school_of_thought__ism a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school subtype: #aesthetic__esthetic a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful; "he despised the esthetic of minimalism" subtype: #Aristotelianism the philosophy of Aristotle that elaborates the fundamental principles of the syllogism subtype: #conceptualism the doctrine that the application of a general term to various objects indicates the existence of a mental entity that mediates the application subtype: #Confucianism the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China subtype: #deconstruction__deconstructionism a philosophical theory of criticism (usually of literature or film) that seeks to expose deep-seated contradictions in a work by delving below its surface meaning subtype: #empiricism__empiricist_philosophy__sensationalism the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience subtype: #experimentalism an empirical doctrine that advocates experimental principles subtype: #logical_positivism__logicalpositivism__positivism the form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience (not on intuition or revelation) subtype: #Comtism Auguste Comte's positivistic philosophy that metaphysics and theology should be replaced by a hierarchy of sciences from mathematics at the base to sociology at the top subtype: #existentialism__existentialist_philosophy a 20th-century philosophical movement; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they make of themselves subtype: #determinism a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as denying the possibility of free will subtype: #fatalism a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are predetermined in advance for all time and human beings are powerless to change them subtype: #formalism.philosophical_doctrine the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physical entities) exhibit a form that has useful applications subtype: #idealism.philosophical_doctrine the doctrine that ideas are the only reality subtype: #intuitionism the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition subtype: #logicism the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic subtype: #physicalism__materialism the doctrine that matter is the only reality subtype: #dialectical_materialism__dialecticalmaterialism the materialistic philosophy of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels subtype: #mechanism.philosophical_doctrine the doctrine that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes subtype: #mentalism a doctrine that mind is the true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of the mind's awareness subtype: #nativism the philosophical doctrine that some ideas are innate subtype: #naturalism the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations subtype: #nominalism the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name subtype: #operationalism the doctrine that the meaning of a proposition consists of the operations involved in proving or applying it subtype: #Platonism__realism the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names subtype: #pragmatism the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value subtype: #probabilism the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action subtype: #rationalism the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience subtype: #naive_realism__naiverealism__realism the philosophical doctrine that physical object continue to exist when not perceived subtype: #relativism the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved subtype: #scholasticism the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe; based on Aristotle and the Church Fathers subtype: #semiotics__semiotic a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols subtype: #sensualism__sensationalism the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good subtype: #solipsism the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist subtype: #Stoicism the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno subtype: #subjectivism the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience subtype: #Daoism__Taoism philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events subtype: #teleology a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes subtype: #traditionalism.philosophical_doctrine the doctrine that all knowledge was originally derived by divine revelation and that it is transmitted by traditions subtype: #vitalism a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry
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