#order_Graminales__Graminales  grasses; sedges; rushes
  supertype:  #plant_order__plantorder  the order of plants
  member of:  #subclass_Commelinidae
  member:  #family_Gramineae__Gramineae__Graminaceae__family_Graminaceae__Poaceae__family_Poaceae__grass_family__grassfamily  the grasses: chiefly herbaceous but some woody plants including cereals; bamboo; reeds; sugar cane
     member:  #gramineous_plant__graminaceous_plant  cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and narrow long-bladed leaves
     member:  #millet  any of various small-grained annual cereal and forage grasses of the genera Panicum, Echinochloa, Setaria, Sorghum, and Eleusine
     member:  #genus_Aegilops__Aegilops  goat grass
        member:  #goat_grass__Aegilops_triuncalis  European grass naturalized as a weed in North America; sharp-pointed seeds cause injury when eaten by livestock
     member:  #genus_Agropyron__Agropyron  perennial grasses of temperate and cool regions: wheatgrass; dog grass
        member:  #wheatgrass  a grass of the genus Agropyron
     member:  #genus_Agrostis__Agrostis  annual or perennial grasses cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere: bent grass (so named from `bent' meaning an area of unfenced grassland)
        member:  #bent_grass__bent__bentgrass__bentgras  grass for pastures and lawns especially bowling and putting greens
     member:  #genus_Alopecurus__Alopecurus  annual or perennial grasses including decorative and meadow species as well as notorious agricultural weeds
        member:  #meadow_foxtail__Alopecurus_pratensis  stout erect perennial grass of northern parts of Old World having silky flowering spikes; widely cultivated for pasture and hay; naturalized in North America
     member:  #genus_Andropogon__Andropogon  tall annual or perennial grasses with spikelike racemes; warm regions
        member:  #broom_grass__broomgras  any of several grasses of the genus Andropogon; used in broom making
     member:  #genus_Arrhenatherum__Arrhenatherum  oat grass
        member:  #tall_oat_grass__tall_meadow_grass__evergreen_grass__evergreengras__false_oat__falseoat__French_rye__Arrhenatherum_elatius  coarse perennial Eurasian grass resembling oat; found on roadside verges and rough grassland and in hay meadows; introduced in North America for forage
     member:  #genus_Arundo__Arundo  any of several coarse tall perennial grasses of most warm areas: reeds
        member:  #giant_reed__giantreed__Arundo_donax  large rhizomatous perennial grasses found by riversides and in ditches having jointed stems and large gray-white feathery panicles
     member:  #genus_Avena__Avena  oats
        member:  #oat  annual grass of Europe and North Africa; grains used as food and fodder (referred to primarily in the plural: `oats')
     member:  #genus_Bromus__Bromus  a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae
        member:  #brome__bromegrass  any of various woodland and meadow grasses of the genus Bromus; native to temperate regions
     member:  #genus_Bouteloua__Bouteloua  forage grasses
        member:  #grama_grass__gramagras__grama__gramma__gramma_grass  pasture grass of plains of South America and western North America
     member:  #genus_Buchloe__Buchloe  buffalo grass
        member:  #buffalo_grass__buffalogras__Buchloe_dactyloides  short grass growing on dry plains of central United States (where buffalo roam)
     member:  #genus_Cenchrus__Cenchrus  a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae that have burs
        member:  #burgrass__bur_grass__burgras  a grass of the genus Cenchrus
        member:  #field_sandbur__fieldsandbur__sandbur__Cenchrus_tribuloides  grass of the eastern United States and tropical America having spikelets enclosed in prickly burs
     member:  #genus_Chloris__Chloris  tufted or perennial or annual grasses having runners: finger grass; windmill grass
     member:  #genus_Cortaderia__Cortaderia  tall ornamental grasses of South America and New Zealand and New Guinea: pampas grass
        member:  #pampas_grass__Cortaderia_selloana  tall perennial grass of pampas of South America having silvery plumes and growing in large dense clumps
     member:  #genus_Cynodon__Cynodon  creeping perennial grasses of tropical and southern Africa
        member:  #Bermuda_grass__devil_grass__Bahama_grass__kweek__scutch_grass__star_grass__Cynodon_dactylon  trailing grass native to Europe now cosmopolitan in warm regions; used for lawns and pastures especially in southern United States and India
        member:  #giant_star_grass__Cynodon_plectostachyum  perennial grass having stems 3 to 4 feet high; used especially in Africa and India for pasture and hay
     member:  #genus_Dactylis__Dactylis  a monocotyledonous grass of the family Gramineae (has only one species)
     member:  #genus_Dactyloctenium__Dactyloctenium  a monocotyledonous genus of the family Gramineae
     member:  #genus_Digitaria__Digitaria  crab grass; finger grass
        member:  #crabgrass__crabgras__crabgras__fingergras  grasses with creeping stems that root freely; a pest in lawns
     member:  #genus_Echinochloa__Echinochloa  annual or perennial succulent grasses of warm regions
        member:  #barnyard_grass__barn_grass__barn_millet__Echinochloa_crusgalli  a coarse annual panic grass; a cosmopolitan weed; occasionally used for hay or grazing
        member:  #Japanese_millet__billion-dollar_grass__Japanese_barnyard_millet__sanwa_millet__sanwamillet__Echinochloa_frumentacea  coarse annual grass cultivated in Japan and southeastern Asia for its edible seeds and for forage; important wildlife food in United States
     member:  #genus_Eleusine__Eleusine  annual and perennial grasses of savannas and upland grasslands
        member:  #yardgrass__yardgras__yardgras__wiregras__goosegras__Eleusine_indica  coarse annual grass having fingerlike spikes of flowers; native to Old World tropics; a naturalized weed elsewhere
        member:  #finger_millet__ragi__ragee__African_millet__coracan__corakan__kurakkan__Eleusine_coracana  East Indian cereal grass whose seed yield a somewhat bitter flour, a staple in the Orient
     member:  #genus_Elymus__Elymus  tall tufted perennial grasses (such as lyme grass or wild rye)
        member:  #lyme_grass  a grass of the genus Elymus
        member:  #wild_rye  any of several grasses of the genus Elymus
     member:  #genus_Eragrostis__Eragrostis  annual or perennial grasses of tropics and subtropics
        member:  #love_grass__bay_grass__baygras  any of various grasses of the genus Eragrostis; useful especially for forage and prevention of erosion
     member:  #genus_Erianthus__Erianthus  genus of reedlike grasses having spikes crowded in a panicle covered with long silky hairs
        member:  #plume_grass__plumegras  a reedlike grass of the genus Erianthus having large plumes
        member:  #Ravenna_grass__wool_grass__Erianthus_ravennae  grass often cultivated for its long white-ribbed leaves and large plumes resembling those of pampas grass
     member:  #genus_Festuca__Festuca  a genus of tufted perennial grasses of the family Gramineae
        member:  #meadow_fescue__fescue__fescue_grass__Festuca_elatior  grass with wide flat leaves cultivated in Europe and America for permanent pasture and hay and for lawns
        member:  #sheep_fescue__sheepfescue__sheep's_fescue__sheep'sfescue__Festuca_ovina  cultivated for sheep pasturage in upland regions or used as a lawn grass
        member:  #silver_grass  of Australia and New Zealand
     member:  #genus_Glyceria__Glyceria  manna grass
        member:  #manna_grass__mannagras__sweet_grass__sweetgras  any of several moisture-loving grasses of the genus Glyceria having sweet flavor or odor
     member:  #genus_Holcus__Holcus  a genus of Old World grasses widely cultivated in America
     member:  #genus_Hordeum__Hordeum  annual to perennial grasses of temperate northern hemisphere and South America: barley
        member:  #barley  cultivated since prehistoric times; grown for forage and grain
     member:  #genus_Leymus__Leymus  genus that in some classifications overlaps the genus Elymus
     member:  #genus_Lolium__Lolium  darnel; ryegrass
        member:  #rye_grass__ryegras__ryegrass  any of several annual or perennial Eurasian grasses
     member:  #genus_Muhlenbergia__Muhlenbergia  a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae grown in America and Asia
        member:  #nimblewill__nimble_Will__Muhlenbergia_schreberi  slender branching American grass of some value for grazing in central United States
     member:  #genus_Oryza__Oryza  rice
        member:  #rice.cereal_grass  annual or perennial rhizomatous marsh grasses; seed used for food; straw used for paper
     member:  #genus_Oryzopsis__Oryzopsis  rice grass
        member:  #ricegrass__ricegras__ricegras  any grass of the genus Oryzopsis
     member:  #genus_Panicum__Panicum  panic grass
        member:  #panic_grass__panicgras  any grass of the genus Panicum; grown for grain and fodder
     member:  #genus_Paspalum  a genus of perennial grasses of warm regions
        member:  #dallisgrass__dallisgras__dallisgras__Paspalum_dilatatum  tall tufted perennial tropical American grass naturalized as pasture and forage grass in southern United States
        member:  #Bahia_grass__Paspalum_notatum  perennial tropical American grass used as pasture grass in arid areas of Gulf states
        member:  #knotgrass__knotgras__paspalumdistichum  low-growing weedy grass with spikelets along the leaf stems
     member:  #genus_Pennisetum__Pennisetum  a genus of Old World grasses
        member:  #pearl_millet__pearlmillet__bulrush_millet__bulrushmillet__cattail_millet__cattailmillet__Pennisetum_glaucum__Pennisetum_Americanum  tall grass having cattail like spikes; grown in Africa and Asia for its grain and in the United States chiefly for forage; sometimes used in making beer
        member:  #fountain_grass__Pennisetum_ruppelii__Pennisetum_setaceum  tall perennial ornamental grass with long nodding flower plumes of tropical Africa and Asia
        member:  #feathertop_grass__feathertop__Pennistum_villosum  northeastern tropical African plant having feathery panicles
     member:  #genus_Phalaris__Phalaris  a genus of grasses with broad leaves and a dense spike of flowers
        member:  #reed_canary_grass__gardener's_garters__lady's_laces__ribbon_grass__Phalaris_arundinacea  perennial grass of marshy meadows and ditches having broad leaves; Europe and North America
        member:  #canary_grass__birdseed_grass__Phalaris_canariensis  Canary Islands grass; seeds used as feed for caged birds
        member:  #hardinggrass__Harding_grass__toowomba_canary_grass__Phalaris_aquatica__Phalaris_tuberosa  perennial grass of Australia and South Africa; introduced in North America as forage grass
     member:  #genus_Phleum__Phleum  grasses native to temperate regions
        member:  #herd's_grass__timothy__Phleum_pratense  grass with long cylindrical spikes frown in northern United States and Europe for hay
     member:  #genus_Phragmites__Phragmites  reeds of marshes and riversides in tropical or temperate regions
        member:  #ditch_reed__ditchreed__common_reed__carrizo__Phragmites_communis  tall North American reed having relative wide leaves and large plumelike panicles; widely distributed in moist areas; used for mats, screens and arrow shafts
     member:  #genus_Poa__Poa  chiefly perennial grasses of cool temperate regions
        member:  #blue_grass__bluegrass__bluegras  any of various grasses of the genus Poa
        member:  #Kentucky_bluegrass__Kentucky_blue__Kentucy_blue_grass__June_grass__Poa_pratensis  valuable meadow and pasture grass in Europe and especially central United States having tall stalks and slender bright green leaves; a chief constituent in lawn grass mixtures
        member:  #wood_meadowgrass__Poa_nemoralis__Agrostis_alba  slender European grass of shady places; grown also in northeastern America and temperate Asia
     member:  #meadowgrass__meadow_grass  any of various grasses that thrive in the presence of abundant moisture
     member:  #genus_Saccharum__Saccharum  tall perennial reedlike grass originally of southeastern Asia: sugarcane
        member:  #Saccharum_officinarum__sugarcane__sugar_cane__sugarcane  tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar
        member:  #munj__munja__Saccharum_bengalense__Saccharum_munja  tough Asiatic grass whose culms are used for ropes and baskets
     member:  #genus_Schizachyrium__Schizachyrium  overlaps the genus Andropogon
     member:  #genus_Secale__Secale  cereal grass widely cultivated for its grain: rye
        member:  #Secale_cereale__rye  hardy annual cereal grass widely cultivated in northern Europe where its grain is the chief ingredient of black bread and in North America for forage and soil improvement
     member:  #genus_Setaria__Setaria  annual or perennial grasses of warm regions: bristlegrasses
        member:  #bristlegrass__bristle_grass__bristlegras  grasses of grasslands and woodlands having large gracefully arching spikes with long bristles beneath each spikelet
        member:  #foxtail_millet__foxtailmillet__Italian_millet__Hungarian_grass__Setaria_italica  coarse drought-resistant annual grass grown for grain, hay and forage in Europe and Asia and chiefly for forage and hay in United States
     member:  #genus_Sorghum  annual or perennial tropical and subtropical cereal grasses: sorghum
        member:  #sorghum  economically important Old World tropical cereal grass
     member:  #genus_Spartina__Spartina  grass of freshwater swamps and salt marshes of Europe, Africa, America, and South Atlantic islands
        member:  #cordgrass__cordgras__cordgras  any of several perennial grasses of the genus Spartina; some important as coastal soil binders
     member:  #genus_Sporobolus__Sporobolus  cosmopolitan annual and perennial grasses (as dropseed or rushgrass)
        member:  #dropseed  a grass of the genus Sporobolus
        member:  #smut_grass__blackseed__carpet_grass__Sporobolus_poiretii  grass native to West Indies but common in southern United States having tufted wiry stems often infested with a dark fungus
        member:  #rushgrass__rushgras  grass having wiry stems and sheathed panicles
     member:  #genus_Stenotaphrum__Stenotaphrum  lawn grasses
        member:  #St._Augustine_grass__Stenotaphrum_secundatum__buffalo_grass__buffalogras  low mat-forming grass of southern United States and tropical America; grown as a lawn grass
     member:  #genus_Triticum__Triticum  annual cereal grasses from Mediterranean area; widely cultivated in temperate regions
        member:  #wheat__corn  annual or biennial grass having erect flower spikes and light brown grains
     member:  #genus_Zea__Zea  corn
        member:  #Indian_corn__corn__maize__Zea_mays  tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times
     member:  #genus_Zizania__Zizania  wild rice
        member:  #wild_rice__Zizania_aquatica  perennial aquatic grass of North America bearing grain used for food
     member:  #genus_Zoysia__Zoisia__genus_Zoisia  lawn grasses native to southeastern Asia and New Zealand; grown especially in warm regions
        member:  #zoysia  any of several creeping grasses of the genus Zoysia
     member:  #tribe_Bambuseae__Bambuseae  bamboos
        member:  #bamboo  woody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture
        member:  #genus_Bambusa__Bambusa  tall tender clumping bamboos
           member:  #common_bamboo__Bambusa_vulgaris  extremely vigorous bamboo having thin-walled culms striped green and yellow; so widely cultivated that native area is uncertain
        member:  #genus_Arundinaria__Arundinaria  North American bamboo
           member:  #giant_cane__giantcane__cane_reed__Arundinaria_gigantea  tall grass of southern United States growing in thickets
           member:  #small_cane__smallcane__switch_cane__Arundinaria_tecta  small cane of watery or moist areas in southern United States
        member:  #genus_Dendrocalamus__Dendrocalamus  giant clump-forming bamboos
           member:  #giant_bamboo__giantbamboo__kyo-chiku__kyochiku__Dendrocalamus_giganteus  immense tropical southeast Asian bamboo with tough hollow culms that resemble tree trunks
        member:  #genus_Phyllostachys__Phyllostachys  medium and large bamboos
           member:  #fishpole_bamboo__gosan-chiku__gosanchiku__hotei-chiku__hoteichiku__Phyllostachys_aurea  small bamboo of southeastern China having slender culms flexuous when young
           member:  #black_bamboo__blackbamboo__kuri-chiku__Phyllostachys_nigra  small bamboo having thin green culms turning shining black
           member:  #giant_timber_bamboo__madake__ku-chiku__Phyllostachys_bambusoides  large bamboo having thick-walled culms; native of China and perhaps Japan; widely brown elsewhere
  member:  #family_Cyperaceae__Cyperaceae__sedge_family__sedgefamily  bulrush; chufa; cotton grass; papyrus; umbrella plant
     member:  #sedge  grasslike or rushlike plant growing in wet places having solid stems, narrow grasslike leaves and spikelets of inconspicuous flowers
     member:  #genus_Carex__Carex  large genus of plants found in damp woodlands and bogs and ditches or at water margins: sedges
        member:  #sand_sedge__sand_reed__Carex_arenaria  European maritime sedge naturalized along Atlantic coast of United States; rootstock has properties of sarsaparilla
        member:  #cypress_sedge__cypresssedge__Carex_pseudocyperus  tufted sedge of temperate regions; nearly cosmopolitan
     member:  #genus_Eriophorum__Eriophorum  cotton grass
        member:  #cotton_grass__cotton_rush  any sedge of the genus Eriophorum; north temperate bog plants with tufted spikes
     member:  #genus_Scirpus__Scirpus  rhizomatous perennial grasslike herbs
        member:  #hardstem_bulrush__hardstemmed_bulrush__hardstemmedbulrush__Scirpus_acutus  widely distributed North American sedge having rigid olive green stems
        member:  #wool_grass__Scirpus_cyperinus  sedge of eastern North America having numerous clustered woolly spikelets
     member:  #genus_Eleocharis__Eleocharis  sedges having dense spikes of flowers and leaves reduced to basal sheaths
        member:  #spike_rush__spikerush  a sedge of the genus Eleocharis

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