#leader a person who rules or guides or inspires others
exclusion: myrmidon
supertype: person__individual__someone__somebody__mortal__human__human_being__humanbeing__soul a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
subtype: spiritual_leader__spiritualleader a leader in religious or sacred affairs
subtype: cantor__hazan the official of a synagogue who conducts the liturgical part of the service and sings or chants the prayers intended to be performed as solos
subtype: clergyman__reverend__man_of_the_cloth a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church
subtype: archdeacon (Anglican Church) an ecclesiastical dignitary usually ranking just below a bishop
subtype: archpriest__hierarch__high_priest__prelate__primate a senior clergyman
instance: William_Ralph_Inge__Inge__the_Gloomy_Dean Francisco_Jimenez_de_Cisneros__Jimenez_de_Cisneros John_Henry_Newman__Newman__Cardinal_Newman Cardinal_Richelieu__Richelieu__Duc_de_Richelieu__Armand_Jean_du_Plessis Desmond_Tutu__Tutu James_Ussher__Ussher__Usher__James_Usher William_of_Wykeham__Wykeham__wykeham Stefan_Wyszynski__Wyszynski
subtype: chaplain a clergyman ministering to some institution
subtype: hospital_chaplain a chaplain in a hospital
subtype: military_chaplain__padre__Holy_Joe__sky_pilot__skypilot a chaplain in one of the military services
subtype: prison_chaplain a chaplain in a prison
subtype: cleric__churchman__divine__ecclesiastic a clergyman or other person in religious orders
subtype: bishop a clergyman having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches (Anglican Communion and Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic) to be successors of the twelve apostles of Christ
subtype: archbishop a bishop of highest rank
instance: Saint_Anselm__Anselm__St_Anselm Saint_Thomas_a_Becket__Becket__Thomas_a_Becket__St_Thomas_a_Becket
subtype: cardinal (Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes
subtype: dean.cardinal (Roman Catholic) the head of the College of Cardinals
instance: Roberto_Francesco_Romolo_Bellarmine__Bellarmine__Bellarmino__Cardinal_Bellarmine Cesare_Borgia__Borgia
subtype: diocesan a bishop having jurisdiction over a diocese
subtype: primus the presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church of Scotland
subtype: suffragan_bishop__suffraganbishop__suffragan an assistant or subordinate bishop of a diocese
subtype: vicar_apostolic a titular Roman Catholic bishop in a non-Catholic area
instance: Bishop_Berkeley__Berkeley__George_Berkeley Saint_Ignatius__Ignatius__St_Ignatius St_Martin__Martin Bishop_Ulfilas__Ulfilas__Ulfila__Bishop_Ulfila__Wulfila__Bishop_Wulfila
subtype: ordainer a cleric who ordains; a cleric who admits someone to holy orders
subtype: pardoner a medieval cleric who raised money for the church by selling papal indulgences
subtype: absolver someone who grants absolution
instance: Thomas_a_Kempis__a_Kempis
subtype: curate__minister__parson__pastor__rector a person authorized to conduct religious worship
subtype: ministrant someone who serves as a minister
subtype: Catholic_deacon__deacon a cleric ranking just below a priest in Roman Catholic churches
subtype: dominus__dominu__dominie__domine__dominee a clergyman; especially a settled minister or parson
subtype: officiant a clergyman who officiates at a religious ceremony or service
subtype: ordinand a person being ordained
subtype: ordinary.clergyman a clergyman appointed to prepare condemned prisoners for death
subtype: postulator.clergyman (Roman Catholic Church) someone who proposes or pleads for a candidate for beatification or canonization
subtype: preacher_man__preacher__sermonizer someone who occupation is preaching the gospel
subtype: evangelist__revivalist__gospeler__gospeller a preacher of the Christian gospel
subtype: televangelist an evangelist who conducts services on television
instance: William_Franklin_Graham__Graham__Billy_Graham Aimee_Semple_McPherson__McPherson Dwight_Lyman_Moody__Moody Oral_Roberts__Roberts
instance: John_Bunyan__Bunyan
subtype: priest a clergyman in many Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites
subtype: canon.priest a priest who is a member of a cathedral chapter
subtype: prebendary a canon who receives a prebend for serving the church
subtype: celebrant an officiating priest celebrating the Eucharist
subtype: confessor a priest who hears confession and gives absolution
subtype: Father__Padre `Father' is a term of address for priests in some churches (especially Roman or Orthodox Catholic); `Padre' is frequently used in the military
subtype: Monsignor (Roman Catholic Church) an ecclesiastical title of honor bestowed on some priests
subtype: pontifex (ancient Rome) a member of the highest council of priests in ancient Rome
subtype: priestess__priestes a woman priest
subtype: vicar a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
instance: Aaron Saint_Dominic__Dominic__St_Dominic__Domingo_de_Guzman
subtype: shepherd a clergyman who watches over a group of people
subtype: Church-of_England_vicar__vicar (Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish
subtype: US-Episcopal-Church_vicar__vicar (US Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
instance: Henry_Ward_Beecher__Beecher John_Donne__Donne John_Keble__Keble Martin_Luther_King_Jr.__King__Martin_Luther_King John_Wesley__Wesley Roger_Williams__Williams
subtype: Evangelist any of the spiritual leaders who re assumed to be authors of the New Testament Gospels
instance: Saint_John_the_Apostle__John__Saint_John__St_John__St_John_the_Apostle__John_the_Evangelist__John_the_Divine Saint_Luke__Luke__St_Luke Saint_Mark__Mark__St_Mark Saint_Matthew_the_Apostle__Matthew__Saint_Matthew__St_Matthew__St_Matthew_the_Apostle__Levi
subtype: pope__pontiff__Holy_Father__Vicar_of_Christ the head of the Roman Catholic Church
instance: Pope_Alexander_VI__Alexander_VI__Borgia__Rodrigo_Borgia Calixtus_III__Borgia__Alfonso_Borgia Gregory_the_Great__Gregory__Gregory_I__Saint_Gregory_I__St_Gregory_I Gregory_VII__Gregory__Hildebrand Gregory_XIII__Gregory__Ugo_Buoncompagni Innocent_III__Lotario_di_Segni John_Paul_I__Albino_Luciano John_Paul_II__Karol_Wojtyla St_Leo_I__Leo_I__Leo_the_Great Leo_III Leo_X__Giovanni_de_Medici Pius_II__Aeneas_Silvius__Enea_Silvio_Piccolomini Pius_V__Antonio_Ghislieri Pius_VII__Luigi_Barnaba_Gregorio_Chiaramonti Pius_X__Giuseppe_Melchiorre_Sarto Pius_XI__Achille_Ratti__Ambrogio_Damiano_Achille_Ratti Pius_XII__Eugenio_Pacelli Urban_II__Odo_of_Lagery Urban_VI__Bartolomeo_Prignano
subtype: non-Christian_priest__priest a spiritual leader in a non-Christian religion
subtype: hoodoo.vodoun a practitioner of voodoo
subtype: druid a pre-Christian priest among the Celts of ancient Gaul and Britain and Ireland
subtype: flamen a priest who served a particular deity in ancient Rome
subtype: lama a Tibetan or Mongolian priest of Lamaism
subtype: Dalai_Lama__Grand_Lama chief lama and once ruler of Tibet
subtype: Panchen_Lama the lama next in rank to the Dalai Lama
subtype: magus__magu a member of the Zoroastrian priesthood of the ancient Persians
subtype: shaman__priest-doctor in societies practicing shamanism: one acting as a medium between the visible and spirit worlds; practices sorcery for healing or divination
subtype: medicine_man a Native American shaman
subtype: rainmaker American indian medicine man who attempt to make it rain
subtype: votary a priest or priestess (or consecrated worshipper) in a non-Christian religion or cult: "a votary of Aphrodite"
subtype: vestal_virgin (Roman mythology) one of the virgin priestesses consecrated to the Roman goddess Vesta and to maintaining the sacred fire in her temple
subtype: bacchant (Greek and Roman mythology) a priest or votary of Bacchus
subtype: bacchante (Greek and Roman mythology) a priestess or votary of Bacchus
subtype: rabbi spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation; qualified to expound and apply Jewish law
instance: Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi__Gandhi__Mahatma_Gandhi
subtype: aristocrat__blue_blood__patrician a member of the aristocracy
subtype: Baronet__Bart a member of the British order of honor; ranks below a baron but above a knight; "since he was a baronet he had to be addressed as Sir Henry Jones, Bart."
subtype: Brahman__Brahmin a member of a social and cultural elite especially a descendant of an Old New England family: "a Boston Brahmin"
subtype: female_aristocrat a woman who is an aristocrat
subtype: czarina__tsarina__tzarina__czaritza__tsaritsa the wife or widow of a czar
subtype: Lady__noblewoman__peeress__peeres a woman of aristocratic family
subtype: baroness a noblewoman who holds the rank of baron or who is the wife or widow of a baron
subtype: countess female equivalent of a count or earl
subtype: duchess__duches the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right
subtype: grand_duchess__grandduches the wife of a grand duke or a woman holding that rank in her own right
subtype: Lady-in-waiting a lady appointed to attend to a queen or princess
subtype: marquise__marchioness a noblewoman ranking below a duchess and above a countess
instance: Marquise_de_Maintenon__Maintenon__Francoise_d'Aubigne__Madame_de_Maintenon Marquise_de_Montespan__Montespan__Francoise-Athenais_de_Rochechouart Pompadour__Marquise_de_Pompdour__Jeanne_Antoinette_Poisson
subtype: Milady an English noblewoman
instance: Lucrezia_Borgia__Borgia__Duchess_of_Ferrara Lady_Godiva__Godiva Lady_Emma_Hamilton__Hamilton__Amy_Lyon
subtype: queen_regnant__queenregnant__queen__female_monarch a female sovereign ruler
subtype: Queen_of_England the sovereign ruler of England
instance: Elizabeth_I__Elizabeth Elizabeth_II__Elizabeth Lady_Jane_Grey__Grey Mary_I__Mary_Tudor__Bloody_Mary Mary_II Queen_Victoria__Victoria
instance: Cleopatra Isabella_I__Isabella_the_Catholic Lydia_Kamekeha_Paki_Liliuokalani__Liliuokalani Mary_Queen_of_Scots__Mary_Stuart
subtype: queen the wife or widow of a king
subtype: queen_consort__queenconsort the wife of a reigning king
subtype: queen_dowager__queendowager the widow of a king
subtype: queen_mother__queenmother a queen dowager who is mother of the reigning sovereign
subtype: queen_regent__queenregent a queen who serves as ruler when the king cannot
instance: Anne_Boleyn__Boleyn Catherine_de_Medicis Eleanor_of_Aquitaine Esther.Jewess__esther Catherine_Howard__Howard Jezebel Marie_Antoinette Nefertiti Catherine_Parr__Parr Jane_Seymour__Seymour__seymour
instance: Lady_Diana_Frances_Spencer__Diana__Princess_Diana__Princess_of_Wales Diane_de_Poitiers__Duchesse_de_Valentinois
subtype: Highness (Your Highness or His Highness of Her Highness) title used to address a royal person
subtype: male_aristocrat a man who is an aristocrat
subtype: cavalier__chevalier a gallant or courtly gentleman
subtype: knight originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit
subtype: carpet_knight a knight who spends his time in luxury and idleness (knighted on the carpet at court rather than on the field of battle)
subtype: knight_bachelor__bachelor-at-arms__bachelor a knight of the lowest order; could display only a pennon
subtype: knight_banneret__knight_of_the_square_flag__banneret a knight honored for valor; entitled to display a square banner and to hold higher command
subtype: knight-errant a wandering knight travelling in search of adventure
subtype: Templar__Knight_Templar a knight of a religious military order established in 1118 to protect pilgrims and the Holy Sepulcher
instance: Sir_Geraint__Geraint
subtype: Lord__noble__nobleman a titled peer of the realm
subtype: armiger a nobleman entitled to bear heraldic arms
subtype: Baron.Lord__baron a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank
subtype: burgrave.Lord a nobleman ruling a German castle and surrounding grounds by hereditary right
subtype: count.Lord a nobleman (in various countries) having rank equal to a British earl
subtype: count_palatine__countpalatine a count who exercised royal authority in his own domains
subtype: landgrave a count who had jurisdiction over a large territory in medieval Germany
subtype: Duke.Lord__duke a nobleman (in various countries) of high rank
subtype: grandee a nobleman of highest rank in Spain or Portugal
subtype: margrave a German nobleman ranking above a count (corresponding in rank to a British marquess)
subtype: marquis__marqui__marquess nobleman (in various countries) ranking above a count
subtype: mesne_lord__mesnelord a feudal lord who was lord to his own tenants on land held from a superior lord
subtype: milord a term of address for an English lord
subtype: palsgrave__palatine (medieval) the lord of a palatinate who exercised sovereign powers over his lands
subtype: peer.Lord (British) a nobleman (duke or marquis or earl or viscount or baron) who is a member of the British peerage
subtype: Baron a British peer of the lowest rank
subtype: Duke a British peer of the highest rank
subtype: Earl a British peer ranking below a Marquess and above a Viscount
instance: Simon_de_Montfort__Montfort__Earl_of_Leicester
subtype: Earl_Marshal an officer of the English peerage who organizes royal processions and other ceremonies
subtype: life_peer a British peer whose title lapses at death
subtype: Marquess a British peer ranking below a duke and above an earl
subtype: peer_of_the_realm (British) a peer who is entitled to sit in the House of Lords
subtype: Viscount a British peer who ranks below an earl and above a baron
subtype: viscountess__viscountes a noblewoman holding the rank of viscount in her own right
instance: Nancy_Witcher_Astor__Astor__Viscountess_Astor
instance: First_Marquess_Cornwallis__Cornwallis__Charles_Cornwallis
subtype: sire.Lord a title of address formerly used for a man of rank and authority
subtype: thane.Lord a feudal lord or baron in Scotland
subtype: viscount (in various countries) a son or younger brother or a count
instance: Don_Juan.Lord__donjuan Roger_de_Mortimer__Mortimer
subtype: Sir (British) a title used before the name of knight or baronet
subtype: prince a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)
subtype: crown_prince__crownprince a male heir apparent to a throne
subtype: dauphin formerly, the eldest son of the King of France and direct heir to the throne
subtype: Archduke a sovereign prince of the former ruling house of Austria
instance: Francis_Ferdinand__Franz_Ferdinand
subtype: grand_duke__grandduke a prince who rules a territory
instance: Ivan_III_Vasilievich__Ivan_III__Ivan_the_Great
subtype: maharaja__maharajah a great raja; a Hindu prince or king in India ranking above a raja
subtype: Elector any of the German princes who were entitled to vote in the election of new Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
instance: Frederick_William__the_Great_Elector
subtype: prince_consort a prince who is the husband of a reigning female sovereign
instance: Albert_Francis_Charles_Augustus_Emmanuel__Albert__Prince_Albert
subtype: Prince_of_Wales the male heir apparent of the British sovereign
instance: Prince_Charles__Charles Edward__Black_Prince
instance: Cyrus_the_Younger__Cyrus Edward_Antony_Richard_Louis__Edward__Prince_Edward Prince_Philip__Philip__Duke_of_Edinburgh Prince_Rupert__Rupert
subtype: princess a female member of a royal family other than the queen (especially the daughter of a sovereign)
subtype: crown_princess a female heir apparent to a throne
subtype: Archduchess a wife or widow of an archduke or a princess of the former ruling house of Austria
subtype: maharani__maharanee a great rani; a princess in India or the wife of a maharaja
subtype: princess_royal the eldest daughter of a British sovereign
subtype: Sleeping_Beauty fairy story: princess under an evil spell who could be awakened only by a prince's kiss
instance: Dido
subtype: raja__rajah a Hindu prince or king in India
subtype: rani__ranee (the feminine of raja) a Hindu princess or the wife of a raja
subtype: bellwether.leader someone who assumes leadership of a movement or activity
subtype: caller.leader the person who convenes a meeting; "who is the caller of this meeting?"
subtype: convener (British) the member of a group whose duty it is to convene meetings
subtype: chieftain__captain the leader of a group of people; "a captain of industry"
subtype: military_leader a leader of military forces
subtype: warlord supreme military leader exercising civil power in a region especially one accountable to nobody when the central government is weak
instance: Jeanne_d'Arc__Joan_of_Arc__Saint_Joan
subtype: cheerleader someone who leads the cheers by spectators at a sporting event
subtype: chieftan the leader of a clan or tribe
subtype: Indian_chief__Indian_chieftan the leader of a group of native Americans
subtype: sagamore__sachem a chief of a North American tribe or confederation (especially an Algonquian chief)
instance: Cochise Crazy_Horse__Tashunca-Uitco Geronimo Hiawatha Chief_Joseph__Joseph Keokuk Massasoit Wahunsonacock__Powhatan Red_Cloud Sequoya__Sequoyah__George_Guess Sitting_Bull
instance: Owen_Glendower__Glendower Rollo__Rolf__Hrolf
subtype: choragus leader of a group or festival; (ancient Greece) leader of a chorus
subtype: civic_leader__civicleader__civil_leader__civilleader a leader in municipal affairs
subtype: commander someone in an official position of authority who can command or control others
subtype: superman__demigod__Ubermensch a person with great powers and abilities
subtype: Duce leader; "Mussolini was called Il Duce"
subtype: employer a person or firm that employs workers
subtype: hirer__boss a person responsible for hiring workers; "the boss hired three more men for the new job"
subtype: guvnor (British slang) boss
subtype: old_man.hirer (American slang) boss
subtype: master directs the work of other
subtype: postmaster the person in charge of a post office
subtype: postmistress a woman postmaster
subtype: stationmaster__station_agent__stationagent the person in charge of a railway station
subtype: mistress a woman master who directs the work of others
subtype: chatelaine.mistress the mistress of a chateau or large country house
subtype: padrone an employer who exploits Italian immigrants in the U.S.
subtype: slave_driver.employer__slavedriver__simonlegree a cruel employer who demands excessive work from the employees
subtype: father.leader a person who holds an important or distinguished position in some organization; "the tennis fathers ruled in her favor"; "the city fathers endorsed the proposal"
subtype: boss a person who exercises control and makes decisions; "he is his own boss now"
subtype: inspirer__galvanizer a leader who stimulates and excites people to action
subtype: guide someone who shows the way by leading or advising
subtype: cicerone a guide who conducts and informs sightseers
subtype: tour_guide a guide who leads others on a tour
subtype: guru.leader a recognized leader in some field or of some movement; "a guru of genomics"
subtype: top_dog__topdog__head__chief a person who is in charge; "the head of the whole operation"
subtype: administrator.top_dog__executive someone who manages a government agency or department
subtype: commissioner a government administrator
subtype: bank_commissioner a commissioner appointed to supervise banks; a state superintendent of banks
subtype: housing_commissioner__housingcommissioner a commissioner in charge of public housing
subtype: park_commissioner a commissioner in charge of public parks
subtype: police_commissioner a civil commissioner appointed to supervise the duties and discipline of the police
subtype: prefect a chief officer or chief magistrate; "the prefect of Paris police"
subtype: Secretary_General a person who is a chief administrator (as of the United Nations)
subtype: triumvir one of a group of three sharing public administration or civil authority especially in ancient Rome
instance: Sir_Thomas_Stamford_Raffles__Raffles__Sir_Thomas_Raffles Petrus_Stuyvesant__Stuyvesant__Peter_Stuyvesant
subtype: decision_maker__administrator someone who administers a business
subtype: academic_administrator an administrator in a college or university
subtype: dean an administrator in charge of a division of a university or college
subtype: president.academic_administrator the head administrative officer of a college or university
subtype: provost a high-ranking university administrator
subtype: registrar the administrator responsible for student records
subtype: managing_director__director__manager someone who controls resources and expenditures
subtype: bank_manager manager of a branch office of a bank
subtype: district_manager a manager who supervises the sales activity for a district
subtype: manageress a woman manager
instance: Konstantin_Sergeevich_Stanislavsky__Stanislavsky__Konstantin_Stanislavsky__Konstantin_Sergevich_Alekseev
subtype: executive_director__executivedirector__executive a person responsible for the administration of a business
subtype: corporate_executive__corporateexecutive__business_executive an executive in a business corporation
subtype: chairman_of_the_board the chairman of the board of directors of a corporation
subtype: chief_executive_officer__chiefexecutiveofficer__CEO__chief_operating_officer__chiefoperatingofficer the corporate executive responsible for the operations of the firm; reports to a board of directors; may appoint other managers (including a president)
subtype: insider an officer of a corporation or others who have access to private information about the corporation's operations
subtype: president an executive officer of a firm or corporation
subtype: government_minister__minister a person appointed to a high office in the government; "Minister of Finance"
subtype: cabinet_minister__cabinetminister a person who is a member of the cabinet
subtype: Prime_Minister__PM__premier the person who holds the position of head of state in England
subtype: Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer the British cabinet minister responsible for finance
subtype: Chief_Secretary__chiefsecretary a member of the British Cabinet
subtype: Home_Secretary__Secretary_of_State_for_the_Home_Department the British cabinet minister who is head of the Home Office
subtype: Lord_Chancellor__Lord_High_Chancellor the British cabinet minister who is head of the judiciary and Speaker of the House of Lords
subtype: Lord_Privy_Seal the senior cabinet minister in the British Cabinet who has no official duties
subtype: First_Lord_of_the_Treasury__Treasury the British cabinet minister responsible for economic strategy
subtype: finance_minister__financeminister__minister_of_finance the minister responsible for state finances
subtype: foreign_minister__foreignminister__secretary_of_state a government minister for foreign relations
subtype: Haman (Old Testament) the minister of the Persian emperor who hated the Jews and was hanged for plotting to massacre them
instance: Ahmed_Zoki_Yamani__Yamani
subtype: rainmaker.executive_director (informal) executive who is very successful in bringing in business to his company or firm
subtype: surgeon_general.executive_director the head of the United States Public Health Service
subtype: vice_president__V.P. an executive officer ranking immediately below a president; may serve in the president's place under certain circumstances
subtype: executive_vice_president a vice president holding executive power
subtype: senior_vice_president the ranking vice president in a firm that has more than one
instance: Albert_Gore_Jr.__Gore__Al_Gore
subtype: hotelier__hotelkeeper__hotel_manager__hotelmanager__hotelman__hosteller an owner or manager of hotels
instance: Cesar_Ritz__Ritz
subtype: land_agent (British) a person who administers a landed estate
subtype: security_director head of a private security force working for a business or industry
subtype: vice_chancellor a deputy or assistant to someone bearing the title of chancellor
subtype: capo the head of a branch of an organized crime syndicate
subtype: department_head the head of a department
subtype: general_manager__generalmanager the highest ranking manager
subtype: paterfamilias__paterfamilia__patriarch__head_of_household the head of family or tribe
subtype: secretary a person who is head of an administrative department of government
subtype: Attorney_General the person who holds the position of secretary of the Justice Department; "Edmund Randolph was the first Attorney General, appointed by President Washington"
subtype: Agriculture_Secretary__Secretary_of_Agriculture the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Agriculture; "the first Secretary of Agriculture was Norman J. Colman, who was appointed by Cleveland"
subtype: Commerce_Secretary__Secretary_of_Commerce the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Commerce; "the first Commerce Secretary was William C. Redfield who was appointed by Wilson"
subtype: Defense_Secretary__Secretary_of_Defense the person who holds the secretaryship of the Defense Department; "the first Defense Secretary was James V. Forrestal who was appointed by Truman"
subtype: Education_Secretary__Secretary_of_Education the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Education; "Carter appointed Shirley Hufstedler as the first Secretary of Education"
subtype: Energy_Secretary__Secretary_of_Energy the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Energy; "the first Secretary of Energy was James R. Schlesinger who was appointed by Carter"
subtype: Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services.secretary__secretaryofhealthandhumanservice the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Health and Human Services; "the first Secretary of Health and Human Services was Patricia Roberts Harris who was appointed by Carter"
subtype: Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.secretary__secretaryofhousingandurbandevelopment the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Housing and Urban Development; "the first Secretary of Housing and Urban Development was Robert C. Weaver who was appointed by Johnson"
subtype: Labor_Secretary__Secretary_of_Labor the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Labor; "the first Labor Secretary was William B. Wilson who was appointed by President Wilson"
subtype: Secretary_of_State.secretary__secretaryofstate the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of State; "the first Secretary of State was Thomas Jefferson"
subtype: Interior_Secretary__Secretary_of_the_Interior the person who holds the secretaryship of the Interior Department; "President Taylor appointed Thomas Ewing as the first Secretary of the Interior"
subtype: Treasury_Secretary__Secretary_of_the_Treasury the person who holds the secretaryship of the Treasury Department; "Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of the Treasury"
subtype: Transportation_Secretary__Secretary_of_Transportation the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Transportation; "Johnson appointed Alan S. Boyd as the first Transportation Secretary"
subtype: Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs.secretary__secretaryofveteransaffair the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Veterans Affairs; "Bush appointed Edward J. Derwinski as the first Secretary of Veterans Affairs"
subtype: undersecretary a secretary immediately subordinate to the head of a department of government
subtype: headman__tribalchief the head of a tribe or clan
subtype: pendragon the supreme war chief of the ancient Britons
subtype: imam__imaum (Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque
subtype: initiator__instigator a person who initiates a course of action
subtype: aggressor a confident assertive person who acts as instigator
subtype: labor_leader__laborleader a leader of a labor movement
instance: Harry_Bridges__Bridges Cesar_Estrada_Chavez__Chavez__Cesar_Chavez Samuel_Gompers__Gompers William_Green__Green William_Dudley_Haywood__Haywood__Big_Bill_Haywood James_Riddle_Hoffa__Hoffa__Jimmy_Hoffa Mary_Harris_Jones__Jones__Mother_Jones John_Llewelly_Lewis__Lewis__John_L._Lewis George_Meany__Meany John_Mitchell__Mitchell Lech_Walesa__Walesa
subtype: lawgiver__lawmaker a maker of laws; someone who gives a code of laws
subtype: legislator someone who makes or enacts laws
subtype: backbencher a member of the House of Commons of Great Britain who is not a party leader
subtype: congressman__congresswoman__representative a member of the United States House of Representatives
subtype: rep informal abbreviation of `representative'
subtype: crossbencher a member of the House of Commons of Great Britain who does not vote regularly with either the Government or the Opposition
subtype: deputy a member of the lower chamber of a legislative assembly (such as in France)
subtype: filibusterer__filibuster a legislator who gives long speeches in an effort to delay or obstruct legislation that he (or she) opposes
subtype: floor_leader__floorleader the legislator who organizes his party's strategy
subtype: frontbencher a member of the House of Commons of Great Britain who is a minister or an ex-minister
subtype: majority_leader leader of the majority party in a legislature
subtype: minority_leader leader of the minority party in a legislature
subtype: Parliamentarian__Member_of_Parliament an elected member of the British Parliament: a member of the House of Commons
subtype: senator a member of a senate
subtype: state_senator__statesenator a member of a state senate
instance: James_William_Fulbright__jameswilliamfulbright__Fulbright__William_Fulbright John_Herschel_Glenn_Jr.__Glenn__John_Glenn
subtype: party_whip__partywhip__whip a legislator appointed by the party to enforce discipline
instance: Old_Bullion__Benton__Thomas_Hart_Benton
subtype: promulgator one who promulgates laws (announces a law as a way of putting it into execution)
instance: Draco
subtype: misleader someone who leads astray (often deliberately)
subtype: role_model__model someone worthy of imitation; "every child needs a role model"
subtype: paragon__ideal__nonpareil__saint__apotheosis__nonesuch__nonsuch model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal
subtype: jimdandy__jimhickey__crackerjack someone excellent of their kind; "he's a jimdandy of a soldier"
subtype: humdinger someone of remarkable excellence: "a humdinger of a secretary"
subtype: trend-setter__trendsetter__tastemaker__fashion_arbiter someone who popularizes a new fashion
subtype: hero.leader a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength; "RAF pilots were the heroes of the Battle of Britain"
instance: Arminius__Armin__Hermann Job.hero__job
subtype: nationalist_leader__nationalistleader the leader of a nationalist movement
subtype: American_Revolutionary_leader a nationalist leader in the American Revolution and in the creation of the United States
instance: Samuel_Adams__Adams__Sam_Adams William_Dawes__Dawes Benjamin_Franklin__Franklin Nathan_Hale__Hale Hancock__John_Hancock Patrick_Henry__Henry Francis_Hopkinson__Hopkinson Samuel_Huntington__Huntington Henry_Laurens__Laurens Richard_Henry_Lee__Lee Robert_R._Livingston__Livingston George_Mason__Mason Robert_Morris__Morris Thomas_Paine__Paine__Tom_Paine Robert_Treat_Paine__Paine William_Patterson__Paterson Josiah_Quincy__Quincy Paul_Revere__Revere Benjamin_Rush__Rush Haym_Salomon__Salomon Roger_Sherman__Sherman Baron_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Ludolf_Gerhard_Augustin_von_Steuben__Steuben Jonathan_Trumbull__Trumbull James_Wilson__Wilson John_Witherspoon__Witherspoon
instance: Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi__Gandhi__Mahatma_Gandhi Nelson_Rolihlahla_Mandela__Mandela__mandela__Nelson_Mandela Charles_Stewart_Parnell__Parnell__parnell
subtype: point_man.leader__pointman someone who is the forefront of an important enterprise; "he is the president's point man on economic issues"
subtype: point_woman__pointwoman a woman who is the forefront of an important enterprise
subtype: politico__politician__pol__political_leader__politicalleader a person active in party politics
subtype: campaigner__candidate__nominee a politician who is running for public office
subtype: dark_horse.campaigner__darkhorse a political candidate who is not well known but could win unexpectedly
subtype: favorite_son__favourite_son__favouriteson a politician favored mainly in his or her home state
subtype: running_mate__runningmate a nominee for the lesser of two closely related political offices
subtype: spoiler.campaigner a candidate with no chance of winning but who may draw enough votes to prevent one of the leading candidates from winning
subtype: stalking-horse.campaigner__stalkinghorse a candidate put forward to divide the opposition or to mask the true candidate
subtype: write-in_candidate a candidate for public office whose name does not appear on the ballot and so must be written on the ballot by the voters
subtype: Communist a member of the communist party
subtype: Democrat a member of the Democratic Party
subtype: Federalist a member of a former political party in the United States that favored a strong centralized federal government
subtype: Labourite a member of the British Labour Party
subtype: machine_politician__machinepolitician__ward-heeler__political_hack__politicalhack__hack a politician who belongs to a small clique that controls a political party for private rather than public ends
subtype: Mugwump someone who bolted from the Republican Party during the U.S. presidential election of 1884
subtype: noncandidate someone who has announced they are not a candidate; especially a politician who has announced that he or she is not a candidate for some political office
subtype: party_boss__political_boss__boss a leader in a political party who controls votes and dictates appointments; "party bosses have a reputation for corruption"
subtype: party_man__partyman__party_liner__partyliner a member of a political party who follows strictly the party line
subtype: Republican a member of the Republican Party
subtype: sachem a political leader (especially of Tammany Hall)
subtype: socialist a political advocate of socialism
subtype: communist__commie a socialist who advocates communism
subtype: Bolshevist__Bolshevik a Russian member of the left-wing majority group that followed Lenin and eventually became the Russian communist party
instance: Nikolai_Ivanovich_Bukharin__Bukharin Vladimir_Ilyich_Lenin__Lenin__Vladimir_Lenin__Nikolai_Lenin__Vladimir_Ilich_Lenin__Vladimir_Ilyich_Ulyanov__Vladimir_Ilich_Ulyanov Leon_Trotsky__Trotsky__Lev_Davidovich_Bronstein
subtype: Comrade a fellow member of the Communist Party
subtype: revisionist a Communist who tries to rewrite Marxism to justify a retreat from the revolutionary position
instance: Mao_Tsetung__Mao__Mao_Zedong John_Reed__Reed Joseph_Stalin__Stalin__Iosif_Vissarionovich_Dzhugashvili Zhou_En-lai__Chou_En-lai
subtype: Fabian a member of the Fabian Society in Britain
subtype: internationalist a member of a socialist or communist international
subtype: Menshevik a Russian member of the liberal minority group that advocated gradual reform and opposed the Bolsheviks before and during the Russian Revolution
subtype: collectivist__leftist__left-winger a person who belongs to the political left
instance: Fidel_Castro__Castro Friedrich_Engels__Engels William_Dudley_Haywood__Haywood__Big_Bill_Haywood Pierre_Joseph_Proudhon__Proudhon Norman_Mattoon_Thomas__Thomas__Norman_Thomas
subtype: standard-bearer an outstanding leader of a political movement
subtype: statesman__solon__national_leader a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs
subtype: elder_statesman__elderstatesman an elderly statesman whose advice is sought be government leaders
subtype: Founding_Father a member of the Constitutional Convention that drafted the United States Constitution in 1787
subtype: stateswoman a woman statesman
instance: Baroness_Thatcher_of_Kesteven__Thatcher__Margaret_Thatcher__Margaret_Hilda_Thatcher__Iron_Lady
instance: Dean_Gooderham_Acheson__Acheson__Dean_Acheson Konrad_Adenauer__Adenauer Marcus_Vipsanius_Agrippa__Agrippa Alcibiades Clement_Richard_Attlee__Attlee__Clement_Attlee__1st_Earl_Attlee Augustus__Gaius_Octavianus__Gaius_Julius_Caesar_Octavianus__Octavian Francis_Bacon__Bacon__Baron_Verulam__1st_Baron_Verulam__Viscount_St._Albans 1st_Earl_Baldwin_of_Bewdley__Baldwin__Stanley_Baldwin Arthur_James_Balfour__Balfour__1st_Earl_of_Balfour Menachem_Begin__Begin David_Ben_Gurion__Ben_Gurion__David_Grun Ernest_Bevin__Bevin Prince_Otto_Eduard_Leopold_von_Bismarck__Bismarck__von_Bismarck__Otto_von_Bismarck__Prince_Otto_von_Bismarck__Iron_Chancellor Simon_Bolivar__Bolivar__bolivar__ellibertador Willy_Brandt__Brandt Leonid_Ilyich_Brezhnev__Brezhnev__Leonid_Brezhnev Marcus_Junius_Brutus__Brutus Edmund_Burke__Burke Gaius_Julius_Caesar__Caesar__Julius_Caesar Gaius_Cassius_Longinus__Cassius__Cassius_Longinus Arthur_Neville_Chamberlain__Chamberlain__Neville_Chamberlain Francois_Rene_Chateaubriand__Chateaubriand__Vicomte_de_Chateaubriand Fourth_Earl_of_Chesterfield__Chesterfield__Philip_Dormer_Stanhope Chiang_Kai-shek__Chiang_Chung-cheng Sir_Winston_Leonard_Spenser_Churchill__Churchill__Winston_Churchill__Winston_S._Churchill Marcus_Tullius_Cicero__Cicero__Tully Lucius_Quinctius_Cincinnatus__Cincinnatus Georges_Eugene_Benjamin_Clemenceau__Clemenceau__Georges_Clemenceau Baron_Clive_of_Plassey__Clive__Robert_Clive__Baron_Clive Cosimo_de_Medici__Cosimo_the_Elder Oliver_Cromwell__Cromwell__Ironsides Jefferson_Davis__Davis Moshe_Dayan__Dayan Charles_Andre_Joseph_Marie_de_Gaulle__de_Gaulle__Charles_de_Gaulle Demosthenes Deng_Xiaoping__Teng_Hsiaoping Eamon_de_Valera__de_Valera Benjamin_Disraeli__Disraeli__First_Earl_of_Beaconsfield Flaminius__Gaius_Falminius Charles_James_Fox__Fox Indira_Nehru_Gandhi__Gandhi__Indira_Gandhi__Mrs._Gandhi William_Ewart_Gladstone__Gladstone__William_Gladstone Mikhail_Sergeyevich_Gorbachev__Gorbachev__Mikhail_Gorbachev Second_Earl_Grey__Grey__Charles_Grey First_Viscount_Haldane_of_Cloan__Haldane__Richard_Haldane__Richard_Burdon_Haldane Alexander_Hamilton__Hamilton Vaclav_Havel__Havel Paul_Ludwig_von_Beneckendorff_und_von_Hindenburg__Hindenburg__Paul_von_Hindenburg Ho_Chi_Minh__Nguyen_That_Thanh Mikhail_Ivanovich_Kalinin__Kalinin__kalinin__Mikhail_Kalinin Kenneth_David_Kaunda__Kaunda__Kenneth_Kaunda Kemal_Ataturk__Kemal_Pasha__Mustafa_Kemal Jomo_Kenyata__Kenyata Aleksandr_Feodorovich_Kerensky__Kerensky Sir_Seretse_Khama__Khama Nikita_Sergeyevich_Khrushchev__Khrushchev__Nikita_Khrushchev Prince_Fumimaro_Konoe__Konoe__Fumimaro_Konoe__Konoye__Fumimaro_Konoye__Prince_Fumimaro_Konoye Stephanus_Johannes_Paulus_Kruger__Kruger__Oom_Paul_Kruger Lorenzo_de_Medici__Lorenzo_the_Magnificent Niccolo_Machiavelli__Machiavelli Nelson_Rolihlahla_Mandela__Mandela__mandela__Nelson_Mandela George_Catlett_Marshall__Marshall__George_Marshall Golda_Meir__Meir Prince_Klemens_Wenzel_Nepomuk_Lothar_von_Metternich__Metternich__Klemens_Metternich Francois_Maurice_Marie_Mitterand__Mitterand__Francois_Mitterand Vyacheslav_Mikhailovich_Molotov__Molotov Sir_Thomas_More__More__Thomas_More Gouverneur_Morris__Morris Hosni_Mubarak__Mubarak Fridtjof_Nansen__Nansen Gamal_Abdel_Nasser__Nasser Jawaharlal_Nehru__Nehru Frederick_North__North__Second_Earl_of_Guilford Daniel_Ortega_Saavedra__Ortega__Daniel_Ortega Ignace_Jan_Paderewski__Paderewski Pericles Pitt_the_Elder__Pitt__William_Pitt__First_Earl_of_Chatham Pitt_the_Younger__Pitt__William_Pitt__Second_Earl_of_Chatham Pompey_the_Great__Pompey__Gnaeus_Pompeius_Magnus Cardinal_Richelieu__Richelieu__Duc_de_Richelieu__Armand_Jean_du_Plessis Second_Marquis_of_Rockingham__Rockingham__Charles_Watson-Wentworth Anwar_el-Sadat__Sadat Helmut_Heinrich_Waldemar_Schmidt__Schmidt__Helmut_Schmidt Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca__Seneca Ian_Douglas_Smith__Smith__Ian_Smith Jan_Christian_Smuts__Smuts Suharto Achmad_Sukarno__Sukarno Duc_de_Sully__Sully__Maxmilien_de_Bethune Sun_Yat-sen__Sun_Yixian Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand__Talleyrand Themistocles Marshal_Tito__Tito__Josip_Broz Getulio_Dornelles_Vargas__Vargas Hendrik_Frensch_Verwoerd__Verwoerd__Hendrik_Verwoerd Kurt_Waldheim__Waldheim Lech_Walesa__Walesa Sir_Robert_Walpole__Walpole__Robert_Walpole__First_Earl_of_Orford Earl_of_Warwick__Warwick__Richard_Neville__the_Kingmaker Chaim_Azriel_Weizmann__Weizmann__Chaim_Weizmann First_Duke_of_Wellington__Wellington__Duke_of_Wellington__Arthur_Wellesley__the_Iron_Duke William_of_Wykeham__Wykeham__wykeham
subtype: technocrat an advocate of technocracy
subtype: Whig.politico__whig a member of the Whig Party in the United States in pre-Civil-War times
instance: Nancy_Witcher_Astor__Astor__Viscountess_Astor Alben_William_Barkley__Barkley__barkley__albenbarkley 1st_Baron_Beaverbrook__Beaverbrook__William_Maxwell_Aitken Thomas_Bradley__Bradley__Tom_Bradley William_Jennings_Bryan__Bryan__the_Great_Commoner__The_Boy_Orator_of_the_Platte Aaron_Burr__Burr Charles_Joseph_Clark__Clark__Joe_Clark Henry_Clay__Clay DeWitt_Clinton__Clinton David_Crockett__Crockett__Davy_Crockett Stephen_Arnold_Douglas__Douglas__Stephen_A._Douglas__The_Little_Giant Samuel_Houston__Houston__Sam_Houston Jesse_Louis_Jackson__Jackson__Jesse_Jackson Glenda_Jackson__Jackson Andre_Maginot__Maginot Joseph_Raymond_McCarthy__McCarthy__Joseph_McCarthy Sir_Robert_Peel__Peel__Robert_Peel Jeannette_Rankin__Rankin Nellie_Tayloe_Ross__Ross__Nellie_Ross William_Henry_Seward__Seward Daniel_Webster__Webster
subtype: politician a leader engaged in civil administration
subtype: governor the head of a state government
subtype: bey the governor of a district or province in the Ottoman Empire
subtype: military_governor the head of a government established by the military (as in a defeated country)
subtype: burgrave the military governor of a German town in the 12th and 13th centuries
subtype: margrave.military_governor the military governor of a frontier province in medieval Germany
subtype: governor_general a governor of high rank
subtype: proconsul.governor a provincial governor of consular rank in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire
subtype: satrap a governor of a province in ancient Persia
subtype: viceroy__vicereine governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign
subtype: legislator someone who makes or enacts laws
subtype: mayor__city_manager the head of a city government
subtype: ex-mayor a former mayor
subtype: burgomaster a mayor of a municipality in Germany or Holland or Flanders or Austria
subtype: mayoress a woman mayor
subtype: presiding_officer__presidingofficer the leader of a group meeting
subtype: moderator.presiding_officer someone who presides over a forum or debate
subtype: chairman__president__chairwoman__chair the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization
subtype: vice_chairman one ranking below or serving in the place of a chairman
subtype: Speaker the presiding officer of a deliberative assembly; "the leader of the majority party is the Speaker of the House of Representatives"
subtype: religious_leader__religiousleader leader of a religious order
subtype: guru a Hindu or Sikh religious leader and personal teacher
instance: Joshua Ayatollah_Ruholla_Khomeini__Khomeini__Ruholla_Khomeini__Ayatollah_Khomeini Nanak Saint_Elizabeth_Ann_Bayley_Seton__Seton__Elizabeth_Seton__Mother_Seton Isaac_Mayer_Wise__Wise Stephen_Samuel_Wise__Wise Brigham_Young__Young
subtype: scoutmaster the leader of a troop of Scouts
subtype: spearhead.leader someone who leads or initiates an activity (attack or campaign etc.)
subtype: strike_leader someone who leads a strike
subtype: higher-up__superior__superordinate one of greater rank or station or quality
subtype: god a man of such superior qualities that he seems like a deity to other people; "he was a god among men"
subtype: supervisor one who supervises or has charge and direction of
subtype: bell_captain the supervisor of bellboys in a hotel
subtype: counsellor__counselor someone who has supervisory duties at a summer camp
subtype: theater_director__theaterdirector__director__theatre_director__theatredirector someone who supervises the actors and directs the action in the production of a show
subtype: film_director the person who directs the making of a film
instance: Ingmar_Bergman__Bergman Luis_Bunuel__Bunuel Alfred_Joseph_Hitchcock__Hitchcock__Alfred_Hitchcock__Sir_Alfred_Hitchcock
subtype: stage_director__stagedirector someone who supervises the actors and directs the action in the production of a stage show
subtype: art_director__artdirector the director in charge of the artistic features of a theatrical production (costumes and scenery and lighting)
instance: Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker
subtype: chief__foreman__gaffer__honcho__boss a person who exercises control over workers; "if you want to leave early you have to ask the foreman"
subtype: baas South African term for `boss'
subtype: ganger the foreman of a work gang
subtype: straw_boss__assistant_foreman__assistantforeman a member of a work gang who supervises the other workers
subtype: forewoman a woman in charge of a group of workers
subtype: overseer__superintendent a person who directs and manages an organization
subtype: ramrod.overseer a harshly demanding overseer
subtype: school_superintendent the superintendent of a school system
subtype: oyabun a Japanese supervisor
subtype: proctor__monitor someone who supervises (an examination)
subtype: invigilator (British) someone who watches examination candidates to prevent cheating
subtype: research_director__director_of_research a supervisor in a research center
subtype: stage_manager__stagemanager__stager someone who supervises the physical aspects in the production of a show and who is in charge of the stage when the show is being performed
subtype: taskmaster someone who imposes hard or continuous work
subtype: slave_driver__slavedriver a supervisor of slaves at work
subtype: taskmistress a woman taskmaster
subtype: trail_boss the person responsible for driving a herd of cattle
subtype: torchbearer a leader in a campaign or movement
subtype: trainer one who trains other persons or animals
subtype: coach__manager (sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team
subtype: baseball_coach__baseball_manager a coach of baseball players
subtype: batting_coach__battingcoach someone who teaches batters how to bat better
subtype: pitching_coach an assistant baseball coach in charge of pitchers
instance: Charles_Dillon_Stengel__Stengel__Casey_Stengel
subtype: basketball_coach a coach of basketball players
subtype: conditioner.coach a trainer of athletes
subtype: football_coach a coach of football players
subtype: line_coach an assistant football coach in charge of the linemen
subtype: hockey_coach a coach of hockey players
subtype: tennis_coach a coach of tennis players
instance: John_Joseph_McGraw__McGraw__John_McGraw
subtype: animal_trainer__handler one who trains or exhibits animals
subtype: tamer an animal trainer who tames wild animals
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