#deficiency_disease  any disease caused by a lack of an essential nutrient (as a vitamin or mineral)
  supertype:  #disease  an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
  subtype:  #malnutrition  a state of poor nutrition; can result from insufficient or excessive or unbalanced diet or from inability to absorb foods
     subtype:  #avitaminosis__hypovitaminosis__hypovitaminosi  any of several diseases caused by deficiency of one or more vitamins
        subtype:  #beriberi  avitaminosis caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1)
           subtype:  #kakke_disease  the endemic form of beriberi
        subtype:  #pellagra__Alpine_scurvy__mal_de_la_rosa__mal_rosso__malrosso__maidism__Saint_Ignatius'_itch  a disease caused by deficiency of niacin or tryptophan (or by a defect in the metabolic conversion of tryptophan to niacin); characterized by gastrointestinal disturbances and erythema and nervous or mental disorders; may be caused by malnutrition or alcoholism or other nutritional impairments
        subtype:  #rickets__rachitis  childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight associated with impaired metabolism of calcium and phosphorus
        subtype:  #scurvy  a condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
        subtype:  #nyctalopia__night_blindness__nightblindnes__moon_blindness  inability to see clearly in dim light; due to a deficiency of vitamin A or to a retinal disorder
     subtype:  #kwashiorkor  severe malnutrition in children resulting from a diet excessively high in carbohydrates and low in protein
     subtype:  #marasmus  extreme malnutrition and emaciation (especially in children); can result from inadequate intake of food or from malabsorption or metabolic disorders
  subtype:  #zinc_deficiency  a deficiency caused by inadequate zinc in the diet or by liver disease or cystic fibrosis or other diseases

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