#conifer__coniferous_tree any gymnospermous tree or shrub bearing cones
supertype: #gymnospermous_tree__gymnospermoustree any tree of the division Gymnospermophyta
part: #strobilus
subtype: #pine_tree__pine__true_pine a coniferous tree
subtype: #pinon__pinyon any of several low-growing pines of western North America
subtype: #nut_pine__nutpine any of several pinons bearing edible nutlike seeds
subtype: #pinon_pine__pinonpine__Mexican_nut_pine__Pinus_cembroides small 2- or 3-needled pinon of Mexico and southern Texas
subtype: #Rocky_mountain_pinon__Pinus_edulis small compact 2-needled pinon of southwestern United States; important as a nut pine
subtype: #single-leaf_pinyon__single-leaf__single-leaf_pine__Pinus_monophylla pinon of southwestern United States having solitary needles and often many stems; important as a nut pine
subtype: #bishop_pine__bishop's_pine__Pinus_muricata 2- or 3-needled pinon mostly of northwestern California coast
subtype: #California_single-leaf_pinyon__Pinus_californiarum very small tree similar to Rocky mountain pinon but having a single needle per fascicle; similar to Parry's pinyon in range
subtype: #Parry's_pinyon__Pinus_quadrifolia__Pinus_parryana 5-needled pinon of southern California and northern Baja California having (sometimes 3- or 4-needled showing hybridization from Pinus californiarum)
subtype: #spruce_pine__Pinus_glabra large 2-needled pine of southeastern United States with light soft wood
subtype: #black_pine__blackpine__Pinus_nigra large 2-needled timber pine of southeastern Europe
subtype: #northern_pitch_pine__pitch_pine__pitchpine__Pinus_rigida large 3-needled pine of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada; closely related to the pond pine
subtype: #pond_pine__Pinus_serotina large 3-needled pine of sandy swamps of southeastern United States; needles longer than those of the northern pitch pine
subtype: #stone_pine__stonepine__umbrella_pine__European_nut_pine__Pinus_pinea medium-sized 2-needled pine of southern Europe having a spreading crown; widely cultivated for its sweet seeds that resemble almonds
subtype: #Swiss_pine__Swiss_stone_pine__arolla_pine__cembra_nut_tree__Pinus_cembra large 5-needled European pine; yields cembra nuts and a resinous exudate
subtype: #Swiss_mountain_pine__mountain_pine__dwarf_mountain_pine__mugho_pine__mughopine__mugo_pine__Pinus_mugo low shrubby pine of central Europe with short bright green needles in bunches of two
subtype: #ancient_pine__ancientpine__Pinus_longaeva small slow-growing pine of western United States similar to the bristlecone pine; chocolate brown bark in plates and short needles in bunches of 5; crown conic but becoming rough and twisted; oldest plant in the world growing to 5000 years in cold semi-desert mountain tops
subtype: #white_pine__whitepine any of several 5-needled pines with white wood and smooth usually light gray bark when young; especially the eastern white pine
subtype: #American_white_pine__eastern_white_pine__easternwhitepine__weymouth_pine__Pinus_strobus tall-growing pine of eastern North America; bark is brown with longitudinal fissures when mature; valued as a timber tree
subtype: #western_white_pine__westernwhitepine__silver_pine__mountain_pine__Pinus_monticola tall pine of western North America with stout blue-green needles; bark is gray-brown with rectangular plates when mature
subtype: #southwestern_white_pine__Pinus_strobiformis medium-size pine of northwestern Mexico; bark is dark brown and furrowed when mature
subtype: #limber_pine__Pinus_flexilis western North American pine with long needles and very flexible limbs and dark-gray furrowed bark
subtype: #whitebark_pine__whitebarkpine__whitebarked_pine__whitebarkedpine__Pinus_albicaulis small pine of western North America; having smooth gray-white bark and soft brittle wood; similar to limber pine
subtype: #yellow_pine any of various pines having yellow wood
subtype: #Pinus_ponderosa__ponderosa__ponderosa_pine__ponderosapine__western_yellow_pine__bull_pine common and widely distributed tall timber pine of western North America having dark green needles in bunches of 2 to 5 and thick bark with dark brown plates when mature
subtype: #longleaf_pine__pitch_pine__pitchpine__southern_yellow_pine__Georgia_pine__Pinus_palustris large 3-needled pine of southeastern United States having very long needles and gnarled twisted limbs; bark is red-brown deeply ridged; an important timber tree
subtype: #shortleaf_pine__shortleafpine__short-leaf_pine__shortleaf_yellow_pine__Pinus_echinata large pine of southern United States having short needles in bunches of 2-3 and red-brown bark when mature
subtype: #Jeffrey_pine__Jeffrey's_pine__black_pine__blackpine__Pinus_jeffreyi tall symmetrical pine of western North America having long blue-green needles in bunches of 3 and elongated cones on spreading somewhat pendulous branches; sometimes classified as a variety of ponderosa pine
subtype: #shore_pine__shorepine__lodgepole__lodgepole_pine__lodgepolepine__spruce_pine__Pinus_contorta shrubby 2-needled pine of coastal northwestern United States; red to yellow-brown bark fissured into small squares
subtype: #Sierra_lodgepole_pine__Pinus_contorta_murrayana tall subspecies of lodgepole pine
subtype: #loblolly_pine__frankincense_pine__Pinus_taeda tall spreading 3-needled pine of southeastern United States having reddish-brown fissured bark and a full bushy upper head
subtype: #jack_pine__Pinus_banksiana slender medium-sized 2-needled pine of eastern North America; with yellow-green needles and scaly gray to red-brown fissured bark
subtype: #swamp_pine__swamppine any of several pines that prefer or endure moist situations such as loblolly pine or longleaf pine
subtype: #Canadian_red_pine__red_pine__redpine__Pinus_resinosa pine of eastern North America having long needles in bunches of two and reddish bark
subtype: #Scotch_pine__Scots_pine__Scotch_fir__Pinus_sylvestris medium large 2-needled pine of northern Europe and Asia having flaking red-brown bark
subtype: #scrub_pine__scrubpine__Virginia_pine__Jersey_pine__Pinus_virginiana common small shrubby pine of the eastern United States having straggling often twisted or branches and short needles in bunches of 2
subtype: #Monterey_pine__Pinus_radiata tall California pine with long needles in bunches of 3, a dense crown, and dark brown deeply fissured bark
subtype: #Rocky_Mountain_bristlecone_pine__bristlecone_pine__bristleconepine__pinusaristata small slow-growing upland pine of western United States (Rocky Mountains) having dense branches with fissured rust-brown bark and short needles in bunches of 5 and thorn-tipped cone scales; among the oldest living things some over 4500 years old
subtype: #table-mountain_pine__prickly_pine__pricklypine__hickorypine__Pinus_pungens small 2-needled upland pine of the eastern United States (Appalachians) having dark brown flaking bark and thorn-tipped cone scales
subtype: #knobcone_pine__Pinus_attenuata medium-sized 3-needled pine of United States Pacific coast having a prominent knob on each scale of the cone
subtype: #Japanese_red_pine__Japanese_table_pine__Pinus_densiflora pine native to Japan and Korea having a wide-spreading irregular crown when mature; grown as an ornamental
subtype: #Japanese_black_pine__black_pine__blackpine__Pinus_thunbergii large Japanese ornamental having long needles in bunches of 2; widely planted in United States because of its resistance to salt and smog
subtype: #Torrey_pine__Torrey's_pine__soledad_pine__soledadpine__gray-leaf_pine__sabine_pine__Pinus_torreyana medium-sized 5-needled pine of southwestern California having long cylindrical cones
subtype: #larch_tree__larchtree__larch any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves
subtype: #American_larch__tamarack__black_larch__blacklarch__Larix_laricina medium-sized larch of Canada and northern United States including Alaska having a broad conic crown and rust-brown scaly bark
subtype: #western_larch__westernlarch__western_tamarack__westerntamarack__Oregon_larch__Larix_occidentalis tall larch of western North America have pale green sharply pointed leaves and oblong cones; an important timber tree
subtype: #subalpine_larch__subalpinelarch__Larix_lyallii medium-sized larch of North American Rocky Mountains; closely related to Larix occidentalis
subtype: #European_larch__Larix_decidua tall European tree having a slender conic crown, flat needlelike leaves, and hairy cone scales
subtype: #Siberian_larch__Larix_siberica__Larix_russica medium-sized larch of northeastern Russia and Siberia having narrowly conic crown and soft narrow bright-green leaves; used in cultivation
subtype: #golden_larch__Pseudolarix_amabilis Chinese deciduous conifer resembling a larch with golden yellow leaves
subtype: #fir_tree__firtree__fir__true_fir any of various evergreen trees of the genus Abies; chiefly of upland areas
subtype: #silver_fir any of various true firs having leaves white or silvery white beneath
subtype: #amabilis_fir__white_fir__whitefir__Pacific_silver_fir__red_silver_fir__Christmas_tree__Abies_amabilis medium to tall fir of western North America having a conic crown and branches in tiers; leaves smell of orange when crushed
subtype: #European_silver_fir__Christmas_tree__Abies_alba tall timber tree of central and southern Europe having a regular crown and gray bark
subtype: #California_white_fir__white_fir__whitefir__Colorado_fir__Abies_concolor__Abies_lowiana medium to tall fir of central to western United States having a narrow erect crown and soft wood
subtype: #balsam_fir__balm_of_Gilead__Canada_balsam__Abies_balsamea medium-sized fir of northeastern North America; leaves smell of balsam when crushed; much used for pulpwood and Christmas trees
subtype: #Fraser_fir__Abies_fraseri small fast-growing but short-lived fir of southern Alleghenies similar to balsam fir but with very short leaves
subtype: #lowland_fir__lowland_white_fir__lowlandwhitefir__giant_fir__giantfir__grand_fir__grandfir__Abies_grandis lofty fir of the Pacific coast of northwestern America having long curving branches and deep green leaves
subtype: #Alpine_fir__subalpine_fir__subalpinefir__Abies_lasiocarpa medium-tall Rocky Mountain timber tree having a narrowly conic to columnar crown
subtype: #Santa_Lucia_fir__bristlecone_fir__bristleconefir__Abies_bracteata__Abies_venusta a pyramidal fir of southwestern California having spiny pointed leaves and cone scales with long spines
subtype: #true_cedar__cedar__cedar_tree__cedartree any cedar of the genus Cedrus
subtype: #cedar_of_Lebanon__Cedrus_libani cedar of Lebanon and northwestern Syria that attains great age and height
subtype: #deodar_cedar__deodar__Himalayan_cedar__himalayancedar__Cedrus_deodara tall East Indian cedar having spreading branches with nodding tips; highly valued for its appearance as well as its timber
subtype: #Atlas_cedar__Cedrus_atlantica tall Algerian evergreen of Atlas mountains with blue-green leaves; widely planted as an ornamental
subtype: #spruce any coniferous tree of the genus Picea
subtype: #Norway_spruce__Picea_abies tall pyramidal spruce native to northern Europe having dark green foliage on spreading branches with pendulous branchlets and long pendulous cones
subtype: #weeping_spruce__weepingspruce__Brewer's_spruce__Picea_breweriana medium-sized spruce of California and Oregon having pendulous branches
subtype: #Engelmann_spruce__Engelmann's_spruce__Picea_engelmannii tall spruce of Rocky Mountains and British Columbia with blue-green needles and acutely conic crown; wood used for rough lumber and boxes
subtype: #white_spruce__whitespruce__Picea_glauca medium-sized spruce of northeastern North America having short blue-green leaves and slender cones
subtype: #black_spruce__blackspruce__piceamariana__spruce_pine small spruce of boggy areas of northeastern North America having spreading branches with dense foliage; inferior wood
subtype: #Siberian_spruce__Picea_obovata tall spruce of northern Europe and Asia; resembles Norway spruce
subtype: #oriental_spruce__Picea_orientalis evergreen tree of the Caucasus and Asia Minor used as an ornamental having pendulous branchlets
subtype: #Colorado_spruce__Colorado_blue_spruce__silver_spruce__Picea_pungens tall spruce with blue-green needles and dense conic crown; older trees become columnar with lower branches sweeping downward
subtype: #red_spruce__redspruce__easternspruce__yellow_spruce__Picea_rubens medium-sized spruce of eastern North America; chief lumber spruce of the area; source of pulpwood
subtype: #hemlock_tree__hemlocktree an evergreen tree
subtype: #eastern_hemlock__Canadian_hemlock__spruce_pine__Tsuga_canadensis common forest tree of the eastern United States and Canada; used especially for pulpwood
subtype: #Carolina_hemlock__Tsuga_caroliniana medium-sized evergreen of southeastern United States having spreading branches and widely diverging cone scales
subtype: #mountain_hemlock__black_hemlock__blackhemlock__Tsuga_mertensiana large evergreen of western United States; wood much harder than Canadian hemlock
subtype: #western_hemlock__westernhemlock__Pacific_hemlock__west_coast_hemlock__Tsuga_heterophylla tall evergreen of western North America; commercially important timber tree
subtype: #douglas_fir tall evergreen timber tree of western North America having resinous wood and short needles
subtype: #green_douglas_fir__greendouglasfir__douglas_spruce__douglasspruce__douglas_pine__douglaspine__douglas_hemlock__douglashemlock__Oregon_fir__Oregon_pine__Pseudotsuga_menziesii lofty douglas fir of northwestern North America having short needles and egg-shaped cones
subtype: #big-cone_spruce__big-cone_douglas_fir__Pseudotsuga_macrocarpa douglas fir of California having cones 4-8 inches long
subtype: #Cathaya Chinese evergreen conifer discovered in 1955; not yet cultivated elsewhere
subtype: #cedar_tree__cedartree__cedar any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars
subtype: #Chilean_cedar__Austrocedrus_chilensis small well-shaped South American evergreen having coppery bark and pretty foliage
subtype: #Calocedrus_decurrens__incense_cedar__incensecedar__red_cedar__Libocedrus_decurrens tall tree of North American Pacific coast having foliage like cypress and cinnamon-red bark
subtype: #southern_white_cedar__coast_white_cedar__coastwhitecedar__atlanticwhitecedar__white_cypress__whitecypres__whitecedar__Chamaecyparis_thyoides slow-growing medium-sized cedar of east coast of the United States; resembles American arborvitae
subtype: #Oregon_cedar__Port_Orford_cedar__Lawson's_cypress__Lawson's_cedar__Chamaecyparis_lawsoniana large timber tree of western North America with trunk diameter to 12 feet and height to 200 feet
subtype: #yellow_cypress__yellow_cedar__Nootka_cypress__Alaska_cedar__Chamaecyparis_nootkatensis tall evergreen of North American Pacific coast often cultivated for ornament
subtype: #Japanese_cedar__Japan_cedar__sugi__Cryptomeria_japonica tall evergreen of Japan and China yielding valuable soft wood
subtype: #incense_cedar__incensecedar any of several attractive trees of southwestern South America and New Zealand and New Caledonia having glossy evergreen leaves and scented wood
subtype: #kawaka__Libocedrus_plumosa New Zealand timber tree resembling the cypress
subtype: #pahautea__Libocedrus_bidwillii__mountain_pine evergreen tree of New Zealand resembling the kawaka
subtype: #cypress_tree__cypresstree__cypress__cypres any of numerous evergreen conifers of the genus Cupressus of north temperate regions having dark scalelike leaves and rounded cones
subtype: #gowen_cypress__gowencypres__Cupressus_goveniana small sometimes shrubby tree native to California; often used as an ornamental; in some classification systems includes the Pygmy cypress and the Santa Cruz cypress
subtype: #pygmy_cypress__pygmycypres__Cupressus_pigmaea__Cupressus_goveniana_pigmaea rare small cypress native to northern California; sometimes considered the same species as gowen cypress
subtype: #Santa_Cruz_cypress__Cupressus_abramsiana__Cupressus_goveniana_abramsiana rare California cypress taller than but closely related to gowen cypress and sometimes considered the same species
subtype: #Arizona_cypress__Cupressus_arizonica Arizona timber tree with bluish silvery foliage
subtype: #Guadalupe_cypress__Cupressus_guadalupensis relatively low wide-spreading endemic on Guadalupe Island; cultivated for its bluish foliage
subtype: #Monterey_cypress__Cupressus_macrocarpa tall California cypress endemic on Monterey Bay; widely used for ornament as well as reforestation and shelterbelt planting
subtype: #Mexican_cypress__cedar_of_Goa__Portuguese_cypress__Cupressus_lusitanica tall spreading evergreen found in Mexico having drooping branches; believed to have been introduced into Portugal from Goa
subtype: #Italian_cypress__Mediterranean_cypress__Cupressus_sempervirens tall Eurasian cypress with thin gray bark and ascending branches
subtype: #King_William_pine__Athrotaxis_selaginoides evergreen of Tasmanian mountains having sharp-pointed leaves the curve inward
subtype: #metasequoia__dawn_redwood__Metasequoia_glyptostrodoides large fast-growing Chinese monoecious tree having flat bright-green deciduous leaves and small globular cones; commonly cultivated in United States as an ornamental; known as a fossil before being discovered in China
subtype: #arborvitae any of several Asian and North American conifers of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis
subtype: #western_red_cedar__red_cedar__canoe_cedar__canoecedar__Thuja_plicata large valuable arborvitae of northwestern United States
subtype: #American_arborvitae__northern_white_cedar__white_cedar__Thuja_occidentalis small evergreen of eastern North America having tiny scalelike leaves on flattened branchlets
subtype: #Oriental_arborvitae__Thuja_orientalis__Platycladus_orientalis Asiatic shrub or small tree widely planted in United States and Europe; in some classifications assigned to its own genus
subtype: #hiba_arborvitae__Thujopsis_dolobrata slow-growing medium-large Japanese evergreen used as an ornamental
subtype: #keteleeria Asiatic conifers resembling firs
subtype: #Wollemi_pine newly discovered (1994) pine thought to have been long extinct; Australia; genus and species names not yet assigned
subtype: #araucaria any of several tall South American or Australian trees with large cones and edible seeds
subtype: #monkey_puzzle__chile_pine__chilepine__Araucaria_araucana large Chilean evergreen conifer having intertwined branches and bearing edible nuts
subtype: #norfolk_island_pine__Araucaria_heterophylla__Araucaria_excelsa evergreen of Australia and Norfolk Island in the South Pacific
subtype: #new_caledonian_pine__Araucaria_columnaris very tall evergreen of New Caledonia and the New Hebrides similar to norfolk island pine
subtype: #bunya_bunya_tree__bunyabunyatree__bunya_bunya__bunyabunya__Araucaria_bidwillii Australian conifer bearing two-inch seeds tasting like roasted chestnuts; among the aborigines the tree is hereditary property protected by law
subtype: #hoop_pine__moreton_bay_pine__moretonbaypine__Araucaria_cunninghamii pine of Australia and New Guinea; yields a valuable light even-textured wood
subtype: #kauri_pine__kauripine__dammar_pine any of various trees of the genus Agathis; yield dammar resin
subtype: #kaury__kauri__Agathis_australis tall timber tree of New Zealand having white straight-grained wood
subtype: #amboina_pine__amboinapine__amboyna_pine__amboynapine__Agathis_dammara__Agathis_alba native to the Moluccas and Philippines; a source of dammar resin
subtype: #dundathu_pine__queensland_kauri__smooth_bark_kauri__Agathis_robusta Australian timber tree resembling the kauri but having wood much lighter in weight and softer
subtype: #red_kauri__redkauri__Agathis_lanceolata New Zealand tree with glossy leaves and scaly reddish-brown bark
subtype: #plum-yew any of several evergreen trees and shrubs of eastern Asia resembling yew and having large seeds enclosed in a fleshy envelope; sometimes cultivated as ornamentals
subtype: #celery_pine Australasian evergreen conifer having a graceful head of foliage resembling celery that is composed of phyllodes borne in the axils of scalelike leaves
subtype: #celery_top_pine__celery-topped_pine__Phyllocladus_asplenifolius medium tall celery pine of Tasmania
subtype: #tanekaha__Phyllocladus_trichomanoides medium tall celery pine of New Zealand
subtype: #Alpine_celery_pine__Phyllocladus_alpinus small shrubby celery pine of New Zealand
subtype: #podocarp any evergreen in the southern hemisphere of the genus Podocarpus having a pulpy fruit with one hard seed
subtype: #yacca_podocarp__yaccapodocarp__yacca__Podocarpus_coriaceus West Indian evergreen with medium to long leaves
subtype: #brown_pine__brownpine__Rockingham_podocarp__Podocarpus_elatus large Australian tree with straight-grained yellow wood that turns brown on exposure
subtype: #cape_yellowwood__African_yellowwood__Podocarpus_elongatus South African tree or shrub having a rounded crown
subtype: #Podocarpus_totara__totara valuable timber tree of New Zealand yielding hard reddish wood used for furniture and bridges and wharves
subtype: #kahikatea__New_Zealand_Dacryberry__New_Zealand_white_pine__Dacrycarpus_dacrydioides__Podocarpus_dacrydioides New Zealand evergreen valued for its light easily worked wood
subtype: #rimu__imou_pine__red_pine__redpine__Dacrydium_cupressinum tall New Zealand timber tree
subtype: #Dacrydium_colensoi__tarwood New Zealand silver pine of conical habit with long slender flexuous branches; adapted to cold wet summers and high altitudes
subtype: #common_sickle_pine__Falcatifolium_falciforme small tropical rain forest tree of Indonesia and Malaysia
subtype: #yellow-leaf_sickle_pine__Falcatifolium_taxoides a rain forest tree or shrub of New Caledonia having a conic crown and pale green sickle-shaped leaves; host species for the rare parasite yew
subtype: #tarwood__newzealandmountainpine__Halocarpus_bidwilli__Dacrydium_bidwilli New Zealand shrub
subtype: #westland_pine__silver_pine__Lagarostrobus_colensoi timber tree of New Zealand having shiny white wood
subtype: #huon_pine__Lagarostrobus_franklinii__Dacrydium_franklinii Tasmanian timber tree with yellow aromatic wavy-grained wood used for carving and ship building; sometimes placed in genus Dacrydium
subtype: #Nageia_nagi__nagi medium-sized tree having glossy lanceolate leaves; southern China to Taiwan and southern Japan
subtype: #miro__black_pine__blackpine__Prumnopitys_ferruginea__Podocarpus_ferruginea New Zealand conifer
subtype: #matai__black_pine__blackpine__Prumnopitys_taxifolia__Podocarpus_spicata New Zealand conifer
subtype: #plum-fruited_yew__Prumnopitys_andina__Prumnopitys_elegans South American evergreen tree or shrub
subtype: #Prince_Albert_yew__Prince_Albert's_yew__Saxe-gothea_conspicua small yew having attractive foliage and partially weeping branches cultivated as an ornamental; mountains of southern Chile
subtype: #Sundacarpus_amara__Prumnopitys_amara__Podocarpus_amara a large fast-growing monoecious tropical evergreen tree having large glossy lanceolate leaves; of rain forests of Sumatra and Philippines to northern Queensland
subtype: #Japanese_umbrella_pine__Sciadopitys_verticillata tall evergreen having a symmetrical spreading crown and needles growing in whorls that resemble umbrellas at ends of twigs
subtype: #yew any of numerous evergreen trees or shrubs having red cup-shaped berries and flattened needlelike leaves
subtype: #California_nutmeg__nutmeg-yew__Torreya_californica California evergreen having a fruit resembling a nutmeg but with a strong turpentine flavor
subtype: #stinking_cedar__stinking_yew__Torrey_tree__Torreya_taxifolia rare small evergreen of northern Florida; its glossy green leaves have an unpleasant fetid smell when crushed
subtype: #Old_World_yew__English_yew__Taxus_baccata predominant yew in Europe; extraordinarily long-lived and slow growing; one of the oldest species in the world
subtype: #Pacific_yew__California_yew__western_yew__westernyew__Taxus_brevifolia small or medium irregularly branched tree of the Pacific coast of North America; yields fine hard close-grained wood
subtype: #Japanese_yew__Taxus_cuspidata shrubby hardy evergreen of China and Japan having lustrous dark green foliage; cultivated in the eastern United States
subtype: #Florida_yew__Taxus_floridana small bushy yew of northern Florida having spreading branches and very narrow leaves
subtype: #New_Caledonian_yew__Austrotaxus_spicata large yew native to New Caledonia; cultivated in eastern Australia and New Zealand and Hawaii
subtype: #white-berry_yew__whiteberryyew__pseudotaxuschienii yew of southeastern China, differing from the Old World yew in having white berries
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