#component_part__componentpart__part__portion  something determined in relation to something that includes it; "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself"; "I read a portion of the manuscript"; "the smaller component is hard to reach"
  supertype:  #relation  an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together
  part of:  #meronymy
  subtype:  #language_unit__linguistic_unit  one of the natural units into which linguistic messages can be analyzed
     subtype:  #discourse  extended verbal expression in speech or writing
        subtype:  #linguistic_context__context__context_of_use  discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation
     subtype:  #word  a unit of language that native speakers can identify; "words are the blocks from which sentences are made"; "he hardly said ten words all morning"
        subtype:  #anagram  a word or phrase spelled by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase
           subtype:  #antigram  an anagram that means the opposite of the original word or phrase; "`restful' is the antigram of `fluster'"
        subtype:  #anaphor  a word (such as a pronoun) used to avoid repetition; the referent of an anaphor is determined by its antecedent
        subtype:  #antonym__opposite_word__opposite  two words that express opposing concepts; "to him the opposite of gay was depressed"
           subtype:  #direct_antonym  antonyms that are commonly associated (e.g., `wet' and `dry')
           subtype:  #indirect_antonym  antonyms whose opposition is mediated (e.g., the antonymy of `wet' and `parched' is mediated by the similarity of `parched' to `dry')
        subtype:  #back-formation  a word invented (usually unwittingly by subtracting an affix) on the assumption that a familiar word derives from it
        subtype:  #portmanteau_word__portmanteauword__blend__portmanteau  a word formed by joining two others (e.g., `smog' is a blend of `smoke' and `fog')
        subtype:  #charade  a word acted out in an episode of the game of charades
        subtype:  #cognate_word__cognateword__cognate  a word is cognate with another if both derive from the same word in an ancestral language
        subtype:  #content_word__contentword__open-class_word  a word to which an independent meaning can be assigned
           subtype:  #headword.content_word__head_word  a word that is qualified by a modifier
           subtype:  #noun  a word that can be used to refer to a person or place or thing
              subtype:  #mass_noun  a noun that does not form plurals
              subtype:  #count_noun__countnoun  a noun that forms plurals
              subtype:  #proper_noun__proper_name  a noun that denotes a particular thing; usually capitalized
              subtype:  #common_noun  a noun that denotes any or all members of a class
                 subtype:  #verbal_noun__deverbal_noun  a noun that is derived from a verb
                    subtype:  #gerund  a noun formed from a verb (such as the `-ing' form of an English verb when used as a noun)
                 subtype:  #adnoun  an adjective used as a noun; "`meek' in `blessed are the meek' is an adnoun"
           subtype:  #verb.content_word  a content word that denotes an action or a state
              subtype:  #copula__copulative__linking_verb__linkingverb  an equating verb (such as `be' or `become') that links the subject with the complement of a sentence
           subtype:  #modifier.content_word__qualifier  a content word that qualifies the meaning of a noun or verb
              subtype:  #intensifier__intensive  a modifier that has little meaning except to intensify the meaning it modifies; "`up' in `finished up' is an intensifier"; "`honestly' in `I honestly don't know' is an intensifier"
              subtype:  #adjective  a word that expresses an attribute of something
                 subtype:  #descriptive_adjective__descriptiveadjective__qualifying_adjective  an adjective that ascribes to its noun the value of an attribute of that noun (e.g., `a nervous person' or `a musical speaking voice')
                 subtype:  #relational_adjective__classifying_adjective__classifyingadjective  an adjective that classifies its noun (e.g., `a nervous disease' or `a musical instrument')
                    subtype:  #pertainym  (informal) meaning relating to or pertaining to
                 subtype:  #comparative  the comparative form of an adjective; "`better' is the comparative of `good'"
                 subtype:  #superlative.adjective  the superlative form of an adjective; "`best' is the superlative form of `good'"
              subtype:  #adverb.modifier  a word that modifies something other than a noun
                 subtype:  #adverbial  a word or group of words function as an adverb
              subtype:  #dangling_modifier__misplaced_modifier__misplacedmodifier  a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence: e.g., `when young' in `when young, circuses appeal to all of us'
                 subtype:  #dangling_participle  a participle (usually at the beginning of a sentence) apparently modifying a word other than the word intended: e.g., `flying across the country' in `flying across the country the Rockies came into view'
        subtype:  #contraction  a word formed from two or more words by omitting or combining some sounds: "won't" from "will not"; "o'clock" from "of the clock"
        subtype:  #deictic_word__deicticword__deictic  a word specifying identity or spacial or temporal location from the perspective of a speaker or hearer in the context in which the communication occurs: "words that introduce particulars of the speaker's and hearer's shared cognitive field into the message"- R.Rommetveit
        subtype:  #derivative  (linguistics) a word that is derived from another word; "`electricity' is a derivative of `electric'"
        subtype:  #diminutive  a word that is formed with a suffix (such as -let or -kin) to indicate smallness
        subtype:  #disyllable__dissyllable  a word having two syllables
        subtype:  #word_form__form__signifier  the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word; "the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached"
           subtype:  #plural_form__plural  the form of a word that is used to denote more than one
           subtype:  #singular_form__singular  the form of a word that is used to denote a singleton
           subtype:  #ghost_word__ghostword  a word form that has entered the language through the perpetuation of an error
           subtype:  #root_word__root__base__stem__theme__radical  (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; "thematic vowels are part of the stem"
           subtype:  #etymon__root  a simple form inferred as the common basis from which related words in several languages can be derived by linguistic processes
           subtype:  #citation_form__main_entry_word__entry_word__entryword  the form of a word that heads a lexical entry and is alphabetized in a dictionary
           subtype:  #abbreviation.word_form  a shortened form of a word or phrase
              subtype:  #apocope  abbreviation of a word by omitting the final sound or sounds; "the British get `pud' from `pudding' by apocope"
           subtype:  #acronym  a word formed from the initial letters of a multi-word name
        subtype:  #four-letter_word__four-letter_Anglo-Saxon_word  any of several short English words (often having 4 letters) generally regarded as obscene or offensive
        subtype:  #function_word__closed-class_word  a word that serves a grammatical function but has no identifiable meaning
           subtype:  #determiner__determinative  one of a limited class of noun modifiers that determine the referents of noun phrases
              subtype:  #article.determiner  (Grammar) a determiner that may indicate the specificity of reference of a noun phrase
                 subtype:  #definite_article  a determiner (as `the' in English) that indicates specificity of reference
                 subtype:  #indefinite_article  a determiner (as `a' or `some' in English) that indicates non-specificity of reference
           subtype:  #preposition  a function word that combines with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to form a prepositional phrase that can have an adverbial or adjectival relation to some other word
           subtype:  #pronoun  a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase
              subtype:  #anaphoric_pronoun__anaphoricpronoun  a pronoun that refers to an antecedent
              subtype:  #demonstrative_pronoun__demonstrative  a pronoun that points out an intended referent
              subtype:  #personal_pronoun  a pronoun expressing a distinction of person
                 subtype:  #reflexive_pronoun__reflexivepronoun__reflexive  a personal pronoun compounded with -self to show the agent's action affects itself
              subtype:  #relative_pronoun  a pronoun (as `that' or `which' or `who') that introduces a relative clause referring to some antecedent
           subtype:  #conjunctive__conjunction__connective  an uninflected function word that serves to conjoin words or phrases or clauses or sentences
              subtype:  #coordinating_conjunction  a conjunction (like `and' or `or') that connects two identically constructed grammatical constituents
              subtype:  #subordinate_conjunction__subordinateconjunction__subordinating_conjunction__subordinatingconjunction  a conjunction (like `since' or `that' or `who') that introduces a dependent clause
           subtype:  #particle.function_word  a function word having different uses in different languages
        subtype:  #head_word__head  (linguistics) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent
        subtype:  #headword  a word placed at the beginning of a line or paragraph (as in a dictionary entry)
        subtype:  #heteronym  two words are heteronyms if they are spelled the same way but differ in pronunciation (e.g. `bow')
        subtype:  #holonym__wholename  a word that names the whole of which a given word is a part; "`hat' is a holonym for `brim' and `crown'"
        subtype:  #homonym  two words are homonyms if they are pronounced or spelled the same way but have different meanings
           subtype:  #homograph  two words are homographs if they are spelled the same way but differ in meaning (e.g. fair)
           subtype:  #homophone  two words are homophones if they are pronounced the same way but differ in meaning or spelling or both (e.g. bare and bear)
        subtype:  #hypernym__superordinate__superordinate_word__superordinateword  a word that is more generic than a given word
        subtype:  #hyponym__subordinate_word__subordinateword  a word that is more specific than a given word
        subtype:  #key_word__keyword  a significant word used in indexing or cataloging
        subtype:  #loanblend__hybrid  a word that is composed of parts from different languages (e.g., `monolingual' has a Greek prefix and a Latin root)
        subtype:  #loanword__loan  a word borrowed from another language; e.g. `blitz' is a German word borrowed into modern English
           subtype:  #Gallicism  a word or phrase borrowed from French
        subtype:  #meronym__part_name  a word that names a part of a larger whole; "`brim' and `crown' are meronyms of `hat'"
        subtype:  #metonym  a word that is used metonymically; a word that denotes one thing but refers to a related thing
        subtype:  #monosyllable__monosyllabic_word  a word or utterance of one syllable
        subtype:  #neology__neologism__coinage  a newly invented word or phrase
        subtype:  #nonce_word__nonceword__hapax_legomenon__hapaxlegomenon  a word with a special meaning used for a special occasion
        subtype:  #oxytone  word having stress or an acute accent on the last syllable
        subtype:  #palindrome  a word or phrase that reads the same backward as forward
        subtype:  #primitive  a word serving as the basis for inflected or derived forms; "`pick' is the primitive from which `picket' is derived"
        subtype:  #paroxytone  word having stress or acute accent on the next to last syllable
        subtype:  #partitive  word (such a `some' or `less') that is used to indicate a part as distinct from a whole
        subtype:  #polysemant__polysemantic_word__polysemous_word  a word having more than one meaning
        subtype:  #polysyllable__polysyllabic_word  a word of more than three syllables
           subtype:  #jawbreaker  a word that is hard to pronounce
           subtype:  #sesquipedalian__sesquipedalia  a very long word (a foot and a half long)
        subtype:  #proparoxytone  word having stress or acute accent on the antepenult
        subtype:  #quantifier  (grammar) a word that expresses a quantity (as `fifteen' or `many')
           subtype:  #universal_quantifier__universalquantifier  a logical quantifier of a proposition that asserts that the proposition is true for all members of a class of things
        subtype:  #logical_quantifier__logicalquantifier__quantifier  (logic) a word (such as `some' or `all` or `no') that binds the variables in a logical proposition
           subtype:  #existential_quantifier__existentialquantifier__existential_operator__existentialoperator  a logical quantifier of a proposition that asserts the existence of at least one thing for which the proposition is true
        subtype:  #substantive  a noun or a pronoun that is used in place of a noun
           subtype:  #noun  a word that can be used to refer to a person or place or thing
        subtype:  #syncategorem  (logic) a term that cannot be used meaningfully in isolation
        subtype:  #synonym__equivalent_word  two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous relative to that context
        subtype:  #term  a word or expression used for some particular thing; "he learned many medical terms"
           subtype:  #referent.term  something that refers; a term that refers to another term
        subtype:  #terminology__nomenclature__language  a system of words used in a particular discipline; "legal terminology"; "the language of sociology"
           subtype:  #markup_language  a set of symbols and rules for their use when doing a markup of a document
              subtype:  #standard_generalized_markup_language__SGML  (computer science) a standardized language for the descriptive markup of documents; a set of rules for using whatever markup vocabulary is adopted
              subtype:  #HTML__hypertext_markup_language  a set of tags and rules (conforming to SGML) for using them in developing hypertext documents
              subtype:  pm#XML  the language for describing XML-based languages; see http://www.w3.org/XML
              subtype:  pm#XML_based_language__XML_based_notation  any notation following an XML schema; see http://www.w3.org/
                 subtype:  pm#XHTML  description in http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/
                 subtype:  pm#SVG  Scalable Vector Graphics; description in http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/
                 subtype:  pm#RDF/XML  XML notation for the RDF model
                    instance:  pm#RDF_syntax_of_22-02-1999
                 subtype:  pnml#PNML  the PNML language
                    subtype:  pnml#EPNML
                    subtype:  pnml#PNK
        subtype:  #trisyllable  a word having three syllables
        subtype:  #troponym__manner_name  a word that denotes a manner of doing something; "`march' is a troponym of `walk'"
        subtype:  #vocable__spokenword  a word that is spoken aloud
        subtype:  #classifier.word  a word or morpheme used in some languages in certain contexts (such as counting) to indicate the semantic class in which an item belongs
        subtype:  #written_word__writtenword  the written form of a word
           subtype:  #bigram  a word that is written with two letters in an alphabetic writing system
           subtype:  #trigram  a word that is written with three letters in an alphabetic writing system
           subtype:  #tetragram  a word that is written with four letters in an alphabetic writing system
              instance:  #Tetragrammaton
     subtype:  #syllable  a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme; "the word `pocket' has two syllables"
        subtype:  #penult__penultima__penultimate  the next to last syllable in a word
        subtype:  #antepenult__antepenultimate  the 3rd syllable of a word counting back from the end
        subtype:  #solfa_syllable__solfasyllable  one of the names for notes of a musical scale in solmization
           subtype:  #doh__ut  the syllable naming the first (tonic) note of any major scale in solmization
           subtype:  #re__ray  the syllable naming the second (supertonic) note of any major scale in solmization
           subtype:  #mi  the syllable naming the third (mediant) note of any major scale in solmization
           subtype:  #fa  the syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization
           subtype:  #soh__so  the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization
           subtype:  #la__lah  the syllable naming the sixth (submediant) note of a major or minor scale in solmization
           subtype:  #te__ti__si  the syllable naming the the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization
     subtype:  #lexeme  a minimal unit (as a word or stem) in the lexicon of a language; `go' and `went' and `gone' and `going' are all members of the English lexeme `go'
     subtype:  #morpheme  minimal meaningful language unit; it cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units
        subtype:  #allomorph  a variant phonological representation of a morpheme: "the final sounds of `bets' and `beds' and `horses' and `oxen' are allomorphs of the English plural morpheme"
           subtype:  #morphophoneme  (linguistics) the phonemes (or strings of phonemes) that constitute the various allomorphs of a morpheme
        subtype:  #free_morpheme__free_form  a morpheme that can occur alone
        subtype:  #bound_morpheme__boundmorpheme__bound_form__boundform  a morpheme that occurs only as part of a larger construction; eg an -s at the end of plural nouns
           subtype:  #combining_form__combiningform  a bound form used only in compounds; "`hemato-' is a combining form in words like `hematology'"
           subtype:  #affix  a linguistic element added to a word to produce an inflected or derived form
              subtype:  #prefix  an affix that added in front of the word
                 subtype:  #alpha_privative__alphaprivative  the negative prefix a- or un-
              subtype:  #suffix__ending  an affix that is added at the end of the word
                 subtype:  #inflectional_suffix  an inflection that is added at the end of a root word
              subtype:  #infix  an affix that is inserted inside the word
        subtype:  #classifier.word  a word or morpheme used in some languages in certain contexts (such as counting) to indicate the semantic class in which an item belongs
     subtype:  #formative  minimal language unit that has a syntactic (or morphological) function
     subtype:  #name  a language unit by which a person or thing is known; "his name really is George Washington"; "those are two names for the same thing"
        subtype:  #eponym  a name derived from the name of person (real or imaginary) as the name of Alexandria is derived from the name of its founder: Alexander the Great
        subtype:  #eponym.name  the name of a person for whom something is supposedly named; "Constantine I is the eponym for Constantinople"
        subtype:  #patronymic  a name derived with an affix (such as -son in English or O'- in Irish) from the name of your father or a paternal ancestor
        subtype:  #matronymic__metronymic  a name derived from the name of your mother or a maternal ancestor
        subtype:  #surname__family_name__cognomen__last_name  the name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished from each member's given name)
           subtype:  #maiden_name  a woman's surname before marriage
        subtype:  #middle_name  a name between your first name and your surname
        subtype:  #first_name__firstname__given_name__givenname__forename  the name that precedes the surname
           subtype:  #Christian_name__baptismal_name__baptismalname  the first name given to Christians at birth or christening
           subtype:  #praenomen  the first name of a citizen of ancient Rome
        subtype:  #alias__alia__assumed_name__assumedname__false_name__falsename  a name that has been assumed temporarily
        subtype:  #pseudonym__anonym__nom_de_guerre  a fictitious name used when the person performs a particular social role
           subtype:  #stage_name__stagename  the pseudonym of an actor
           subtype:  #pen_name__penname__nom_de_plume  an author's pseudonym
        subtype:  #misnomer  an incorrect or unsuitable name
        subtype:  #writer's_name__author's_name  the name that appears on the by-line to identify the author of a work
        subtype:  #appellation__denomination__designation__appellative  identifying word or words by which someone or something is called and classified or distinguished from others
           subtype:  #nickname__moniker__cognomen__sobriquet__soubriquet  a familiar name (often a shortened version of a person's given name); "Joe's mother would not use his nickname and always called him Joseph"
           subtype:  #title.appellation  an identifying appellation signifying status or function: e.g. Mr. or General; "the professor didn't like his friends to use his formal title"
              subtype:  #Aga__Agha  title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey)
              subtype:  #Reverend  a title of respect for a clergyman
              subtype:  #Very_Reverend  a title of respect for various ecclesiastical officials (as cathedral deans and canons and others)
           subtype:  #nobility_title__title  an appellation signifying nobility; "`your majesty' is the appropriate title to use in addressing a king"
              subtype:  #Lordship  a title used to address any British peer except a duke and extended to a bishop or a judge: "Your Lordship" or "His Lordship"
              subtype:  #Ladyship  a title used to address any peeress except a duchess; "Your Ladyship" or "Her Ladyship"
              subtype:  #baronetcy  the title of a baron
              subtype:  #viscountcy  the title of a viscount
        subtype:  #pet_name__petname__hypocorism  a name of endearment (especially one using a diminutive suffix); "`Billy' is a hypocorism for `William'"
        subtype:  #title  the name of a work of art or literary composition etc.; "he looked for books with the word `jazz' in the title"; "he refused to give titles to his paintings"; "I can never remember movie titles"
           subtype:  #rubric.heading  a title or heading that is printed in red or in a special type
        subtype:  #place_name__placename__toponym  the name by which a geographical place is known
        subtype:  #signature  your name written in your own handwriting
           subtype:  #allograph  a signature made by one person for another
           subtype:  #John_Hancock__autograph  a person's own signature
           subtype:  #countersignature__countersign  a second confirming signature endorsing a document already signed
           subtype:  #endorsement.signature  a signature that endorses something
              subtype:  #blank_endorsement__blankendorsement__endorsement_in_blank  an endorsement on commercial paper naming no payee and so payable to the bearer
           subtype:  #sign_manual  the signature of a sovereign on an official document
        subtype:  #company_name__companyname  the name by which a corporation is identified
        subtype:  #domain_name  (computer science) strings of letters used to name organizations and computers and addresses on the internet; "domain names are organized hierarchically with the more generic parts to the right"
        subtype:  #trade_name__tradename__brand_name__brandname__brand__marque  a name given to a product or service
           subtype:  #recording_label__label  trade name of a company that produces musical recordings; "the artists and repertoire department of a recording label is responsible for finding new talent"
        subtype:  pm#previous_surname
        subtype:  pm#middle_name
     subtype:  #collocation  a grouping of words in a sentence
     subtype:  #speech_sound__phone__sound  (linguistics) an individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language
        subtype:  #phoneme  (linguistics) one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language
           subtype:  #allophone  (linguistics) any of various acoustically different forms of the same phoneme
        subtype:  #vowel_sound__vowelsound__vowel  a speech sound made with the vocal tract open
           subtype:  #ablaut__gradation  a vowel whose quality or length is changed to indicate linguistic distinctions (such as sing sang sung song)
           subtype:  #diphthong  a vowel sound that starts near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves toward the position for another
           subtype:  #schwa__shwa  a neutral middle vowel; occurs in unstressed syllables
              subtype:  #murmur_vowel__murmur  a schwa that is incidental to the pronunciation of a consonant
           subtype:  #stem_vowel__thematic_vowel  a vowel that ends a stem and precedes an inflection
        subtype:  #semivowel__glide  a vowel-like sound that serves as a consonant
           subtype:  #palatal  a semivowel produced with the tongue near the palate (like the initial sound in the English word `yeast')
        subtype:  #consonant  a speech sound that is not a vowel
           subtype:  #alveolar_consonant__dental_consonant__alveolar  a consonant articulated with the tip of the tongue near the gum ridge
           subtype:  #stop_consonant__stop__occlusive__plosive_consonant__plosiveconsonant__plosive_speech_sound__plosive  a consonant produced by stopping air at some point and suddenly releasing it; "his stop consonants are too aspirated"
              subtype:  #labial_stop  a stop consonant that is produced with the lips
              subtype:  #glottal_stop__glottalstop__glottal_plosive__glottalplosive__glottal_catch__glottalcatch  a stop consonant articulated by releasing pressure at the glottis; as in the sudden onset of a vowel
              subtype:  #suction_stop__suctionstop  a stop consonant made by the suction of air into the mouth (as in Bantu)
           subtype:  #aspirate  a consonant pronounced with aspiration
           subtype:  #labial_consonant__labial  a consonant whose articulation involves movement of the lips
              subtype:  #bilabial  a consonant that is articulated using both lips; /p/ or /b/ or /w/
              subtype:  #labial_stop  a stop consonant that is produced with the lips
           subtype:  #continuant_consonant__continuant  consonant articulated by constricting (but not closing) the vocal tract
              subtype:  #fricative_consonant__fricative  a continuant consonant produced by breath moving against a narrowing of the vocal tract
              subtype:  #nasal_consonant__nasal  a continuant consonant produced through the nose with the mouth closed
              subtype:  #liquid.continuant_consonant  a frictionless non-nasal continuant (especially `l' and `r')
           subtype:  #sibilant_consonant__sibilant  a consonant characterized by a hissing sound (like s or sh)
           subtype:  #affricate_consonant__affricateconsonant__affricate__affricative  a composite speech sound consisting of a stop and a fricative articulated at the same point (as `ch' in `chair' and `j' in `joy')
           subtype:  #surd__voiceless_consonant__voicelessconsonant  a consonant produced without sound from the vocal cords
           subtype:  #guttural_consonant__guttural  a consonant articulated in the back of the mouth or throat
        subtype:  #orinasal_phone__orinasal  a speech sound produced with both the oral and nasal passages open (as French nasal vowels)
        subtype:  #sonant__voiced_sound  a speech sound accompanied by sound from the vocal cords
     subtype:  #sign.language_unit  (linguistics) a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified; "The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary"--de Saussure
     subtype:  pm#category_identifier__formal_term
  subtype:  #item.component_part__point  a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group of things that could be enumerated on a list; "he noticed an item in the New York Times"; "she had several items on her shopping list"; "the main point on the agenda was taken up first"
     subtype:  #agenda_item  one of the items to be considered
     subtype:  #incidental  an item that is incidental
     subtype:  #inventory_item__inventoryitem  an item listed in an inventory
     subtype:  #line_item  an item in an appropriation bill; "Some governors can veto line items in their state budgets"
     subtype:  #news_item  an item in a newspaper
        subtype:  #factoid  a brief (usually one sentence and usually trivial) news item
     subtype:  #place.item__position  an item on a list or in a sequence; "in the second place"; "moved from third to fifth position"
        subtype:  #postposition  (linguistics) the placing of one linguistic element after another (as placing a modifier after the word that it modifies in a sentence or placing an affix after the base to which it is attached)
        subtype:  #preposition.place  (linguistics) the placing of one linguistic element before another (as placing a modifier before the word it modifies in a sentence or placing an affix before the base to which it is attached)
  subtype:  #detail.component_part__particular__item  a small part that can be considered separately from the whole; "it was perfect in all details"
     subtype:  #highlight__high_spot  the most interesting or memorable part; "the highlight of the tour was our visit to the Vatican"
  subtype:  #unit  an individual or group or structure or other entity regarded as a structural or functional constituent of a whole; "the reduced the number of units and installations"; "the word is a basic linguistic unit"
  subtype:  #member.component_part  anything that belongs to a set or class: "snakes are members of the class Reptilia"; "members of the opposite sex"
  subtype:  #substance.component  the stuff of which an object consists
  subtype:  #remainder__residual__residue__residuum__rest  something left after other parts have been taken away; "there was no remainder"; "he threw away the rest"
     subtype:  #leftover__remnant  a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists
  subtype:  #subpart  a part of a part
  subtype:  pm#address_part__addresspart
     subtype:  pm#integer_address_part__integeraddresspart
        subtype:  pm#street_No
        subtype:  pm#floor_No
        subtype:  pm#unit_No
        subtype:  #PO_Box_No__post-office_box_No__post-office_box_number__PO_box_number  the number of a letter box at the post office where mail is collected
           subtype:  pm#region_PO_Box_No
           subtype:  pm#GPO/PMB_Box_No
     subtype:  pm#street_name
     subtype:  pm#housing_name__housingname
     subtype:  pm#building_name
     subtype:  pm#additional_address_details
  subtype:  #region  a large indefinite location on the surface of the Earth; "penguins inhabit the polar regions"
     subtype:  #area.region__country  a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography); "it was a mountainous area"; "Bible country"
        subtype:  #arena  the central area of an ancient Roman amphitheater where contests and spectacles were held; especially a sand-strewn area
        subtype:  #bedground  an area on which a drove of cattle or sheep can sleep for a night
        subtype:  #broadcast_area__broadcastarea  the area over which a radio or tv transmission can be received
        subtype:  #center.area__centre__middle__heart__eye  an area that is approximately central within some larger region; "it is in the center of town"; "they ran forward into the heart of the struggle"; "they were in the eye of the storm"
           subtype:  #city_center__central_city__centralcity  the central part of a city
           subtype:  #financial_center__financialcenter  the part of a city where financial institutions are centered
           subtype:  #civic_center__civiccenter__hub__municipal_center__municipalcenter__down_town  the center of a city
           subtype:  #inner_city__innercity  the older and more populated and (usually) poorer central section of a city
           subtype:  #medical_center__medicalcenter  the part of a city where medical facilities are centered
           subtype:  #midfield  the middle part of a playing field (as in football or lacrosse)
           subtype:  #seat.center  a center of authority (as a city from which authority is exercised)
              subtype:  #capital_city__capitalcity__capital  a seat of government
                 subtype:  #Camelot  (Arthurian legend) the capital of King Arthur's kingdom; according to the legend, truth and goodness and beauty reigned there
                 subtype:  #national_capital  the capital city of a nation
                    instance:  #Windhoek  #Kabul__capital_of_Afghanistan  #Tirana__Albanian_capital  #Algiers__Algerian_capital  #Luanda__Angolan_capital  #St._John's.Antigua_and_Barbuda__st.john'__capital_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda__Saint_John's  #Buenos_Aires__capital_of_Argentina  #Sofia__Serdica__Bulgarian_capital  #Yangon__Rangoon  #Bujumbura__Usumbura__capital_of_Burundi  #Phnom_Penh__Pnom_Penh__Cambodian_capital  #Yaounde__capital_of_Cameroon  #Praia__Cidade_de_Praia__capital_of_Cape_Verde  #Bangui__capital_of_Central_Africa  #Colombo__capital_of_Sri_Lanka  #N'Djamena__Ndjamena__Fort-Lamy__capital_of_Chad  #Gran_Santiago__Santiago__Santiago_de_Chile__capital_of_Chile  #Beijing__Peking__Peiping__peiping__capital_of_Red_China  #Taipei__capital_of_Taiwan  #Bogota__capital_of_Colombia  #Brazzaville  #Kinshasa__Leopoldville  #San_Jose.Costa_Rica__sanjose__capital_of_Costa_Rica  #Yamoussukro  #Guatemala_City__capital_of_Guatemala  #Tegucigalpa__Honduran_capital  #San_Salvador__Salvadoran_capital  #Managua__capital_of_Nicaragua__Nicaraguan_capital  #Panama_City.Panama__panamacity__capital_of_Panama__Panamanian_capital  #Mexico_City__Ciudad_de_Mexico__Mexican_capital__capital_of_Mexico  #Havana__capital_of_Cuba__Cuban_capital  #Port-au-Prince__Haitian_capital  #Santo_Domingo__Ciudad_Trujillo__capital_of_the_Dominican_Republic  #Kingston.Jamaica__kingston__capital_of_Jamaica__Jamaican_capital  #Port_of_Spain__Port-of-Spain__capital_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago  #Nicosia__capital_of_Cyprus  #Prague__Praha__Prag__Czech_capital  #Porto_Novo__capital_of_Benin  #Lome__capital_of_Togo  #Copenhagen__Kobenhavn__Danish_capital  #Djibouti.capital__djibouti__capital_of_Djibouti  #Roseau  #Malabo  #Oslo__Christiania__capital_of_Norway  #Stockholm__capital_of_Sweden  #Berlin__German_capital  #Quito__capital_of_Ecuador  #Asmara__Asmera  #Addis_Ababa__New_Flower__capital_of_Ethiopia  #Suva  #Helsinki__Helsingfors__capital_of_Finland__Finnish_capital  #Athens__Athinai__capital_of_Greece__Greek_capital  #Jerusalem__capital_of_Israel  #Roma__Rome__Eternal_City__Italian_capital__capital_of_Italy  #Bucharest__Bucharesti__Bucuresti__capital_of_Romania  #Kigali__capital_of_Rwanda  #Ljubljana  #Belgrade__Beograd__capital_of_Yugoslavia  #Zagreb  #Canadian_capital__Ottawa__capital_of_Canada  #Canberra__Australian_capital__capital_of_Australia  #Kolonia  #Funafuti  #Tarawa__Bairiki  #Port_Moresby__capital_of_Papua_New_Guinea  #Vienna__Austrian_capital__capital_of_Austria  #Nassau__capital_of_the_Bahamas  #Manama__capital_of_Bahrain  #Dahka__Dacca__capital_of_Bangladesh  #Bruxelles__Brussels__Belgian_capital__capital_of_Belgium  #Gaborone__capital_of_Botswana  #Brasilia__Brazilian_capital__capital_of_Brazil  #London__Greater_London__British_capital__capital_of_the_United_Kingdom  #Dublin__Irish_capital__capital_of_Ireland  #Cairo__El_Qahira__Egyptian_capital__capital_of_Egypt  #New_Delhi__Indian_capital__capital_of_India  #Kathmandu__Katmandu__capital_of_Nepal  #Lhasa__Lassa__capital_of_Tibet__Forbidden_City  #Jakarta__Djakarta__capital_of_Indonesia  #Teheran__Tehran__capital_of_Iran__Iranian_capital  #Baghdad__Bagdad__capital_of_Iraq  #Tokyo__Tokio__Yeddo__Yedo__Edo__Japanese_capital__capital_of_Japan  #Amman__capital_of_Jordan  #Nairobi__capital_of_Kenya  #Kuwait_City__capital_of_Kuwait__Kuwait__Koweit  #Paris__City_of_Light__French_capital__capital_of_France  #Libreville__capital_of_Gabon  #Banjul__capital_of_Gambia  #Accra__capital_of_Ghana  #St._George's__capital_of_Grenada  #Conakry__Konakri__capital_of_Guinea  #Bissau__capital_of_Guinea-Bissau  #Stabroek__Georgetown  #Amsterdam__Dutch_capital__capital_of_The_Netherlands  #Budapest__Hungarian_capital__capital_of_Hungary  #Reykjavik__capital_of_Iceland  #Pyongyang__capital_of_North_Korea  #Seoul__capital_of_South_Korea  #Vientiane__Laotian_capital__capital_of_Laos  #Beirut__capital_of_Lebanon  #Maseru__capital_of_Lesotho  #Monrovia__Liberian_capital__capital_of_Liberia  #Tripoli__capital_of_Libya  #Vaduz__capital_of_Liechtenstein  #Luxembourg-Ville__Luxembourg__Luxemburg__Luxembourg_City__capital_of_Luxembourg  #Skopje__Skoplje__Uskub  #Antananarivo__capital_of_Madagascar  #Lilongwe__capital_of_Malawi  #Kuala_Lumpur__Malaysian_capital__capital_of_Malaysia  #Male  #Bamako  #Valletta__Valetta__capital_of_Malta  #Nouakchott  #Port_Louis  #Monaco-Ville  #Ulan_Bator__Ulaanbaatar__Urga__Kulun__capital_of_Mongolia  #Rabat__capital_of_Morocco  #Maputo__capital_of_Mozambique  #Wellington__capital_of_New_Zealand  #Niamey__capital_of_Niger  #Abuja__capital_of_Nigeria__Nigerian_capital  #Muscat__Masqat__capital_of_Oman  #Islamabad__capital_of_Pakistan  #Asuncion__capital_of_Paraguay  #Lima__capital_of_Peru  #Manila__capital_of_the_Philippines  #Warsaw__capital_of_Poland  #Lisbon__Lisboa__capital_of_Portugal  #Doha__Bida__El_Beda__capital_of_Qatar  #Basseterre  #Castries  #Kingstown.Saint_Vincent__kingstown  #Apia__capital_of_Western_Samoa  #San_Marino.capital__sanmarino__capital_of_San_Marino  #Sao_Tome  #Riyadh__capital_of_Saudi_Arabia  #Mecca  #Dakar__capital_of_Senegal  #Victoria.Seychelles__victoria__capital_of_Seychelles  #Freetown__capital_of_Sierra_Leone__capitalofsierraleone  #Singapore.capital__singapore__capital_of_Singapore  #Honiara  #Mogadishu__Mogadiscio__capital_of_Somalia  #Pretoria__capital_of_South_Africa__capitalofsouthafrica  #Moscow__capital_of_the_Russian_Federation__Russian_capital  #Madrid__capital_of_Spain__Spanish_capital  #Khartoum__capital_of_Sudan  #Paramaribo__capital_of_Suriname  #Mbabane__capital_of_Swaziland  #Bern__Berne__capital_of_Switzerland  #Damascus__capital_of_Syria  #Dar_es_Salaam__capital_of_Tanzania  #Bangkok__capital_of_Thailand__Krung_Thep  #Tunis__capital_of_Tunisia  #Ankara__Turkish_capital__capital_of_Turkey  #Kampala__capital_of_Uganda  #Abu_Dhabi__United_Arab_Emirates's_capital  #Washington__American_capital__capital_of_the_United_States  #Montevideo__capital_of_Uruguay  #Port_Vila__Vila__capital_of_Vanuatu  #Caracas__capital_of_Venezuela  #Hanoi__capital_of_Vietnam  #San'a__Sanaa__Sana  #Lusaka__capital_of_Zambia  #Harare__Salisbury__capital_of_Zimbabwe
                 subtype:  #provincial_capital  the capital city of a province
                    instance:  #Edmonton  #Victoria.British_Columbia__victoria  #Winnipeg  #Fredericton  #Saint_John's.Newfoundland__saintjohn'__St._John's  #Halifax  #Toronto  #Charlottetown  #Quebec_City__Quebec  #Regina  #Whitehorse  #Darwin
                 subtype:  #state_capital__statecapital  the capital city of a United States state
                    instance:  #Brisbane  #Sydney  #Melbourne  #Hobart  #Adelaide  #Perth  #Montgomery__capital_of_Alabama  #Juneau__capital_of_Alaska  #Phoenix.Arizona__phoenix__capitalofarizona  #Little_Rock__capital_of_Arkansas  #Sacramento__capital_of_California  #Denver__Mile-High_City__capital_of_Colorado  #Hartford__capital_of_Connecticut  #Dover__capital_of_Delaware  #Tallahassee__capital_of_Florida  #Atlanta__capital_of_Georgia  #Honolulu__capital_of_Hawaii__Hawaiian_capital  #Boise__capital_of_Idaho  #Springfield.Illinois__springfield__capitalofillinoi  #Indianapolis__capital_of_Indiana  #Des_Moines__capital_of_Iowa  #Topeka__capital_of_Kansas  #Frankfort__capital_of_Kentucky  #Baton_Rouge__capital_of_Louisiana  #Augusta.Maine__augusta__capital_of_Maine  #Annapolis__capital_of_Maryland  #Boston__Hub_of_the_Universe__Beantown__capital_of_Massachusetts  #Lansing__capital_of_Michigan  #Saint_Paul__St._Paul__capital_of_Minnesota  #Jackson.Mississippi__jackson__capitalofmississippi  #Jefferson_City__capital_of_Missouri  #Helena__capital_of_Montana  #Lincoln.Nebraska__lincoln__capital_of_Nebraska  #Carson_City__capital_of_Nevada  #Concord.New_Hampshire__concord__capital_of_New_Hampshire  #Trenton__capital_of_New_Jersey  #Santa_Fe__capital_of_New_Mexico  #Albany.New_York_State__albany__capital_of_New_York  #Raleigh__capital_of_North_Carolina  #Bismarck__capital_of_North_Dakota  #Columbus.Ohio__columbu__capitalofohio  #Oklahoma_City__capital_of_Oklahoma  #Salem.Oregon__salem__capital_of_Oregon  #Harrisburg__capital_of_Pennsylvania  #Providence__capital_of_Rhode_Island  #Columbia.South_Carolina__columbia__capital_of_South_Carolina  #Pierre__capital_of_South_Dakota  #Nashville__capital_of_Tennessee  #Austin__capital_of_Texas  #Salt_Lake_City__capital_of_Utah  #Montpelier__capital_of_Vermont  #Richmond__capital_of_Virginia  #Olympia.Washington_State__olympia__capitalofwashington  #Charleston.West_Virginia__charleston__capital_of_West_Virginia  #Madison__capital_of_Wisconsin  #Cheyenne.Wyoming__cheyenne__capital_of_Wyoming
                 instance:  #George_Town  #Bridgetown__capital_of_Barbados  #Bratislava__capital_of_Slovakia__Pressburg__Pozsony  #Sucre  #Belfast__capital_of_Northern_Ireland  #Edinburgh  #Cardiff  #Minsk__capital_of_Byelorussia  #Tallinn__capital_of_Estonia  #Riga__capital_of_Latvia  #Vilnius__Vilna__Vilno__Wilno__capital_of_Lithuania  #Kishinev__Chisinau__capital_of_Moldova  #Kiev__capital_of_the_Ukraine  #Yerevan__Jerevan__Erivan__capital_of_Armenia  #Baku__capital_of_Azerbaijan  #Tbilisi__Tiflis__capital_of_Georgia  #Astana__Akmola__capital_of_Kazakhstan  #Bishkek__Biskek__Frunze__capital_of_Kyrgystan  #Dushanbe__Dusanbe__Dyushambe__Stalinabad__capital_of_Tajikistan  #Ashkhabad__capital_of_Turkmenistan  #Tashkent__Taskent__capital_of_Uzbek
              subtype:  #county_seat__county_courthouse  the town or city that is the seat of government for a county
              subtype:  #county_town__shire_town__shiretown  (British) the town or city that is the seat of government for a shire
              subtype:  #see  the seat within a bishop's diocese where his cathedral is located
                 instance:  #Holy_See__The_Holy_See__State_of_the_Vatican_City
              instance:  #La_Paz
           subtype:  #midstream  the middle of a stream
        subtype:  #corner.area  a place off to the side of an area; "he tripled to the rightfield corner"; "he glanced out of the corner of his eye"
        subtype:  #remote_corner__corner  a remote area; "in many corners of the world they still practice slavery"
        subtype:  #disaster_area  a region whose population is affected by a general disaster
        subtype:  #haunt__hangout__resort__repair__stamping_ground  a frequently visited place
           subtype:  #gathering_place  a favorite haunt where people gather
        subtype:  #fireside__hearth  an area near a fireplace (usually paved and extending out into a room)
        subtype:  #hunting_ground.area__huntingground  an area in which game is hunted
        subtype:  #no-man's-land__no_man's_land  an unoccupied area between opposing armies
        subtype:  #circle_quadrant__quadrant  the area enclosed by two perpendicular radii of a circle
        subtype:  #quadrant.area  any of the four areas into which a plane is divided by two orthogonal coordinate axes
        subtype:  #staging_area__stagingarea  an area where troops and equipment in transit are assembled before a military operation
        subtype:  #open.area__clear  a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water: "finally broke out of the forest into the open"
        subtype:  #free_zone__free_port  an area adjoining a port where goods that are intended for reshipment can be received and stored without payment of duties
        subtype:  #anchorage_ground__anchorageground__anchorage  place for vessels to anchor
           subtype:  #mooring__berth__slip  a place where a craft can be made fast
           subtype:  #roads__road__roadstead  a partly sheltered anchorage
        subtype:  #resort__holiday_resort__holidayresort__vacation_spot__playground  an area where many people go for recreation
           subtype:  #dude_ranch  a holiday resort offering ranch activities (riding and camping)
           subtype:  #ski_resort__skiresort  a resort with lodging and facilities for skiing
           subtype:  #watering_place__watering_hole__spa  a health resort near a spring or at the seaside
              instance:  #Wiesbaden
           instance:  #Waikiki
        subtype:  #city_block__block  a rectangular area in a city surrounded by streets and usually containing several buildings; "he lives in the next block"
        subtype:  #retreat.area  a place of privacy; a place affording peace and quiet
           subtype:  #Camp_David  retreat northwest of Washington used by the president of the United States
           subtype:  #nook  a sheltered and secluded place
           subtype:  #nest.retreat  a cosy or secluded retreat
           subtype:  #pleasance  a pleasant and secluded part of a garden; usually attached to a mansion
           subtype:  #sanctum__sanctum_sanctorum__sanctumsanctorum  a place of inviolable privacy; "he withdrew to his sanctum sanctorum, where the children could never go"
        subtype:  #safety.area__refuge  a safe place; "He ran to safety"
           subtype:  #harborage__harbourage  a place of refuge (as for a ship)
        subtype:  #danger.area  a dangerous place; "He moved out of danger"
        subtype:  #scene  the place where some action occurs; "the police returned to the scene of the crime"
           subtype:  #light.scene  an illuminated area; "he stepped into the light"
           subtype:  #darkness.scene__dark__shadow  an unilluminated area; "he moved off into the darkness"
           subtype:  #stage.scene  any scene regarded as a setting for exhibiting or doing something; "All the world's a stage"--Shakespeare; "it set the stage for peaceful negotiations"
           subtype:  #locale__venue__locus__locu  the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)
        subtype:  #plane_section__planesection__section  (geometry) the area created by a plane cutting through a solid
           subtype:  #cross_section__crosssection  a section created by a plane cutting a solid perpendicular to its longest axis
              subtype:  #profile.cross_section  a vertical section of the Earth's crust showing the different horizons or layers
                 subtype:  #soil_profile  a vertical section of soil from the ground surface to the parent rock
        subtype:  #section.area  a distinct region or subdivision of a territorial or political area or community or group of people; "no section of the nation is more ardent than the South"; "there are three synagogues in the Jewish section"
           subtype:  #outskirts__outskirt  outlying areas (as of a city or town); "they lived on the outskirts of Houston" or "they mingled in the outskirts of the crowd"
           subtype:  #vicinity__locality__neighborhood__neighbourhood  a surrounding or nearby region; "the plane crashed in the vicinity of Asheville"; "it is a rugged locality"; "he always blames someone else in the immediate neighborhood"
              subtype:  #place.vicinity  a general vicinity; "He comes from a place near Chicago"
              subtype:  #proximity  the region close around a person or thing
                 subtype:  #presence.proximity__front  the immediate proximity of someone or something; "she blushed in his presence"; "he sensed the presence of danger"; "he was well behaved in front of company"
              subtype:  #scenery  the appearance of a place
                 subtype:  #landscape  an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view
                 subtype:  #seascape.scenery  a view of the sea
              instance:  #Left_Bank__Latin_Quarter  #Montmartre  #Right_Bank
           instance:  #Forbidden_City
        subtype:  #shrubbery.area  an area where a number of shrubs are planted
        subtype:  #space.area  an area reserved for some particular purpose; "the laboratory's floor space"
           subtype:  #crawlspace__crawl_space  low space beneath a floor of a building; gives workers access to wiring or plumbing
           subtype:  #disk_space__disc_space  (computer science) the space available on a magnetic disk
              subtype:  #disk_overhead__overhead  (computer science) the disk space required for non-data information (used for location and timing)
              subtype:  #swap_space__swap_file  the disk space that is set aside for virtual memory
           subtype:  #no-parking_zone  a space where automobiles are not allowed to park
           subtype:  #parking_space__parkingspace__parking_zone__parkingzone  a space where an automobile can be parked
           subtype:  #seat.space__place  a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane); "he booked their seats in advance"; "he sat in someone else's place"
              subtype:  #perch.seat  an elevated place serving as a seat
           subtype:  #terreplein  level space where heavy guns can be mounted behind the parapet at the top of a rampart
           subtype:  #workspace  space allocated for your work (as in an office)
        subtype:  #tank_farm  an area used exclusively for storing petroleum in large tanks
        subtype:  #winner's_circle  a small area at a racecourse where awards are given to the owners of winning horses
        instance:  #Bermuda_Triangle  #Saxony__Sachsen__sachsen__Saxe
     subtype:  #backwater  any backward region that is isolated from the world and resists progress
     subtype:  #military_field__field  a region in which military operations are in progress; "the army was in the field awaiting action"
     subtype:  #district__territory  a region marked off for administrative or other purposes
        subtype:  #administrative_district__administrative_division__territorial_division__territorialdivision  a district defined for administrative purposes
           subtype:  #borough  one of the administrative divisions of a large city
              instance:  #Greenwich  #Westminster__City_of_Westminster  #Bronx__The_Bronx  #Brooklyn  #Manhattan  #Queens  #Staten_Island
           subtype:  #canton  a small administrative division of a country
              subtype:  #Swiss_canton  one of the cantons of Switzerland
                 instance:  #Ticino__Tessin
           subtype:  #city.administrative_district  an incorporated administrative district established by state charter; "the city raised the tax rate"
           subtype:  #commune  the smallest administrative district of several European countries (Belgium and France and Italy and Switzerland)
           subtype:  #country__state__land  the territory occupied by a nation; "he returned to the land of his birth"; "he visited several European countries"
              subtype:  #banana_republic__bananarepublic  a small country (especially in Central America) that is politically unstable and whose economy is dominated by foreign companies and depends on one export (such as bananas)
              subtype:  #fatherland__homeland__motherland__mother_country__country_of_origin__native_land  the country where you were born
                 subtype:  #old_country__oldcountry  the country of origin of an immigrant
              subtype:  #buffer_state__buffer_country  a small neutral state between two rival powers
              subtype:  #kingdom.country  a country with a king as head of state
                 instance:  #Israel  #UK__Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland__Great_Britain__United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland__United_Kingdom__Britain
              subtype:  #European_country__European_nation  countries occupying the European continent
                 subtype:  #Scandinavian_country__Scandinavian_nation  countries occupying Scandinavia
                    instance:  #Denmark__Kingdom_of_Denmark__Danmark  #Norway__Kingdom_of_Norway__Norge__Noreg  #Sweden__Kingdom_of_Sweden__Sverige
                 subtype:  #Balkan_country__Balkan_nation__Balkans__Balkan_state  a country on the Balkan Peninsula
                    instance:  #Albania__Republic_of_Albania  #Bulgaria__Republic_of_Bulgaria  #Greece__Hellenic_Republic__Ellas  #Romania__Roumania__Rumania  #Macedonia
                 instance:  #Czech_Republic  #Slovakia__Slovak_Republic  #Germany__Federal_Republic_of_Germany__Deutschland__FRG  #East_Germany__German_Democratic_Republic  #West_Germany__Federal_Republic_of_Germany  #Finland__Republic_of_Finland__Suomi  #Italy__Italian_Republic__Italia  #Yugoslavia__Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia__Jugoslavija__Serbia_and_Montenegro  #Croatia__Republic_of_Croatia__Hrvatska  #Bosnia_and_Herzegovina__Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina__Bosna_i_Hercegovina__Bosnia-Herzegovina__Bosnia  #Slovenia__Republic_of_Slovenia__Slovenija  #Austria__Republic_of_Austria__Oesterreich  #Flanders  #Belgium__Kingdom_of_Belgium__Belgique  #England  #Northern_Ireland  #Eire__Ireland__Irish_Free_State__Republic_of_Ireland  #Scotland  #France__French_Republic  #Netherlands__The_Netherlands__Kingdom_of_The_Netherlands__Holland__holland  #Hungary__Republic_of_Hungary__Magyarorszag  #Republic_of_Iceland__Iceland  #Liechtenstein__Principality_of_Liechtenstein  #Luxembourg__Grand_Duchy_of_Luxembourg__Luxemburg  #Monaco__Principality_of_Monaco  #Poland__Republic_of_Poland__Polska  #Portugal__Portuguese_Republic  #San_Marino__Republic_of_San_Marino  #Belarus__Republic_of_Belarus__Byelarus__Byelorussia__Belorussia__White_Russia  #Moldova__Republic_of_Moldava__Moldavia  #Andorra__Principality_of_Andorra  #Spain__Kingdom_of_Spain__Espana  #Switzerland__Swiss_Confederation__Suisse__Schweiz__Svizzera  #Holy_See__The_Holy_See__State_of_the_Vatican_City
              subtype:  #African_country__African_nation  countries occupying the African continent
                 instance:  #Namibia__Republic_of_Namibia  #Algeria__Democratic_and_Popular_Republic_of_Algeria__Algerie  #Angola__Republic_of_Angola  #Burundi__Republic_of_Burundi  #Republic_of_Cameroon__Cameroon__Cameroun  #Central_African_Republic__Central_Africa  #Republic_of_Chad__Chad__Tchad  #Republic_of_the_Congo__French_Congo  #Congo__Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo__Zaire__Belgian_Congo  #Ivory_Coast__Cote_d'Ivoire__Republic_of_Cote_d'Ivoire  #Benin__Republic_of_Benin__Dahomey  #Togo__Togolese_Republic  #Djibouti__Republic_of_Djibouti__Afars_and_Issas  #Equatorial_Guinea__Republic_of_Equitorial_Guinea__Spanish_Guinea  #Eritrea__State_of_Eritrea  #Ethiopia__Federal_Democratic_Republic_of_Ethiopia__Yaltopya__Abyssinia  #Rwanda__Rwandese_Republic__Ruanda  #Botswana__Republic_of_Botswana  #Egypt__Arab_Republic_of_Egypt__United_Arab_Republic  #Kenya__Republic_of_Kenya  #Gabon__Gabonese_Republic__Gabun  #Gambia__The_Gambia__Republic_of_The_Gambia  #Ghana__Republic_of_Ghana__Gold_Coast  #Guinea__Republic_of_Guinea__French_Guinea  #Guinea-Bissau__Republic_of_Guinea-Bissau__Guine-Bissau__Portuguese_Guinea  #Lesotho__Kingdom_of_Lesotho__Basutoland  #Liberia__Republic_of_Liberia  #Libya__Socialist_People's_Libyan_Arab_Jamahiriya  #Republic_of_Madagascar__Madagascar__Malagasy_Republic  #Malawi__Republic_of_Malawi__Nyasaland  #Mali__Republic_of_Mali__French_Sudan  #Mauritania__Islamic_Republic_of_Mauritania__Mauritanie__Muritaniya  #Morocco__Kingdom_of_Morocco__Maroc__Marruecos__Al-Magrib  #Mozambique__Republic_of_Mozambique__Mocambique  #Niger__Republic_of_Niger  #Nigeria__Federal_Republic_of_Nigeria  #Senegal__Republic_of_Senegal  #Sierra_Leone__Republic_of_Sierra_Leone  #Somalia  #South_Africa__Republic_of_South_Africa  #Republic_of_the_Sudan__Sudan__Soudan  #Swaziland__Kingdom_of_Swaziland  #Tanzania__United_Republic_of_Tanzania  #Tunisia__Republic_of_Tunisia  #Uganda__Republic_of_Uganda  #Zambia__Republic_of_Zambia  #Zimbabwe__Republic_of_Zimbabwe__Rhodesia__Southern_Rhodesia
              subtype:  #Asian_country__Asian_nation  countries occupying the Asian continent
                 instance:  #Afghanistan__Islamic_State_of_Afghanistan  #Myanmar__Union_of_Burma__Burma  #Cambodia__Kingdom_of_Cambodia__Kampuchea  #China__People's_Republic_of_China__mainland_China__Communist_China__Red_China__PRC  #Bahrain__State_of_Bahrain__Bahrein  #Bangladesh__People's_Republic_of_Bangladesh__Bangla_Desh__East_Pakistan  #Bhutan__Kingdom_of_Bhutan  #India__Republic_of_India__Bharat  #Nepal__Kingdom_of_Nepal  #Tibet__Thibet__Xizang__Sitsang  #Iran__Islamic_Republic_of_Iran__Persia  #Iraq__Republic_of_Iraq__Al-Iraq__Irak  #Japan__Nippon__Nihon  #Jordan__Hashemite_Kingdom_of_Jordan  #Kuwait__State_of_Kuwait__Koweit  #North_Korea__Democratic_People's_Republic_of_Korea  #South_Korea__Republic_of_Korea  #Laos__Lao_People's_Democratic_Republic  #Lebanon__Lebanese_Republic  #Malaysia__Malaya  #Outer_Mongolia__Mongolia__Mongolian_People's_Republic  #Oman__Sultanate_of_Oman__Muscat_and_Oman  #Pakistan__Islamic_Republic_of_Pakistan__West_Pakistan  #Qatar__State_of_Qatar__Katar__State_of_Katar  #Saudi_Arabia__Kingdom_of_Saudi_Arabia  #Singapore__Republic_of_Singapore  #Armenia__Republic_of_Armenia__Hayastan  #Azerbaijan__Azerbaijani_Republic__Azerbajdzhan__Azerbajdzhan_Republic  #Sakartvelo__Georgia  #Kazakhstan__Republic_of_Kazakhstan__Kazakstan__Kazakh__Kazak  #Kyrgystan__Kyrgyz_Republic__Kirghizia__Kirgizia__Kirghiz__Kirgiz__Kirghizstan__Kirgizstan  #Tajikistan__Republic_of_Tajikistan__Tadzhikistan__Tadzhik__Tadjik__Tajik  #Uzbekistan__Republic_of_Uzbekistan__Uzbek  #Syria__Syrian_Arab_Republic  #Thailand__Kingdom_of_Thailand__Siam  #United_Arab_Emirates  #Vietnam__Socialist_Republic_of_Vietnam__Viet_Nam__Annam  #Yemen__Republic_of_Yemen
              subtype:  #South_American_country__South_American_nation  countries occupying the South American continent
                 instance:  #Argentina__Argentine_Republic__the_Argentine  #Chile__Republic_of_Chile  #Colombia__Republic_of_Colombia  #Ecuador__Republic_of_Ecuador  #Bolivia__Republic_of_Bolivia  #Brazil__Federative_Republic_of_Brazil__Brasil  #Guyana__Co-operative_Republic_of_Guyana__British_Guiana  #Paraguay__Republic_of_Paraguay  #Peru__Republic_of_Peru  #Suriname__Republic_of_Suriname__Surinam__Dutch_Guiana__Netherlands_Guiana  #Uruguay  #Venezuela__Republic_of_Venezuela
              subtype:  #North_American_country__North_American_nation  a country on the North American continent
                 subtype:  #Central_American_country__Central_American_nation  countries occupying Central America; except for Belize and Costa Rica these countries are characterized by low per capita income and unstable governments
                    instance:  #Costa_Rica__Republic_of_Costa_Rica  #Guatemala__Republic_of_Guatemala  #Belize__British_Honduras  #Honduras__Republic_of_Honduras  #Salvador__El_Salvador__Republic_of_El_Salvador  #Nicaragua__Republic_of_Nicaragua  #Panama__Republic_of_Panama
                 instance:  #Mexico__United_Mexican_States  #Canada  #USA__United_States_of_America__United_States__America__US__U.S.__U.S.A.
              instance:  #Antigua_and_Barbuda  #Cape_Verde__Republic_of_Cape_Verde  #Sri_Lanka__Democratic_Socialist_Republic_of_Sri_Lanka__Ceylon  #Comoros__Federal_Islamic_Republic_of_the_Comoros  #Republic_of_Cuba__Cuba  #Haiti__Republic_of_Haiti  #Dominican_Republic  #Jamaica.country__jamaica  #Barbados.country__barbado  #Trinidad_and_Tobago__Republic_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago  #Republic_of_Cyprus__Cyprus  #Commonwealth_of_Dominica__Dominica  #Fiji__Republic_of_Fiji  #State_of_Israel__Israel__Yisrael__Zion__Sion  #Etruria  #Australia__Commonwealth_of_Australia  #Federated_States_of_Micronesia__Micronesia__TT  #Republic_of_the_Marshall_Islands__Marshall_Islands  #Tuvalu  #Kiribati__Republic_of_Kiribati  #Nauru__Republic_of_Nauru  #Papua_New_Guinea__Independent_State_of_Papua_New_Guinea  #Bahamas__Commonwealth_of_the_Bahamas__Bahama_Islands  #sultanate  #Burkina_Faso  #Indonesia__Republic_of_Indonesia__Dutch_East_Indies  #Grenada  #Republic_of_Maldives__Maldives  #Republic_of_Malta__Malta  #Republic_of_Mauritius__Mauritius  #New_Zealand  #Palau__Republic_of_Palau__TT  #Republic_of_the_Philippines__Philippines  #Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis__Federation_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis__Saint_Christopher-Nevis__St._Christopher-Nevis__St._Kitts_and_Nevis  #St._Lucia__Saint_Lucia  #Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines__St._Vincent_and_the_Grenadines  #Independent_State_of_Samoa__Samoa__Western_Samoa__Samoa_i_Sisifo  #Sao_Tome_and_Principe__Democratic_Republic_of_Sao_Tome_and_Principe__Sao_Tome_e_Principe__Sao_Thome_e_Principe__St._Thomas_and_Principe  #Seychelles__Republic_of_Seychelles  #Solomon_Islands  #USSR__Soviet_Union__Russia__Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics  #Russia__Russian_Federation  #Ukraine__Ukrayina  #Turkmenistan__Turkomen__Turkmen__Turkmenia  #Kingdom_of_Tonga__Tonga__Friendly_Islands  #Turkey__Republic_of_Turkey  #Vanuatu__Republic_of_Vanuatu__New_Hebrides
           subtype:  #county  a territorial division for local government
              instance:  #Avon  #Berkshire  #Cornwall  #Devonshire__Devon  #Gloucestershire__gloucestershire  #Hampshire  #Kent  #Somerset  #East_Sussex  #West_Sussex  #Leicestershire__Leicester  #Lincolnshire  #Northumberland  #North_Yorkshire  #West_Yorkshire  #South_Yorkshire  #Isle_of_Wight__Wight
           subtype:  #county_palatine  the territory of a count palatine
           subtype:  #department.administrative_district  the territorial and administrative division of some countries (such as France)
           subtype:  #federal_district__federaldistrict  a district set apart as the seat of government of a federation
              instance:  #District_of_Columbia__DC
           subtype:  #reservation.administrative_district__reserve  a district that is reserved for particular purpose
              subtype:  #indian_reservation  a reservation set aside for the use of indians
              subtype:  #preserve.reservation  a reservation where animals are protected
                 subtype:  #shooting_preserve  a preserve on which hunting is permitted during certain months of the year
           subtype:  #shire  (British) a former administrative district of England; equivalent to a county
           subtype:  #municipality.urban_area  an urban district having corporate status and powers of self-government
              subtype:  #city__metropolis__urban_center__urbancenter  a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts; "Ancient Troy was a great city"
                 subtype:  #capital_city__capitalcity__capital  a seat of government
                 instance:  #Dunkerque__Dunkirk  #Durres__Durazzo  #Oran  #Constantine  #Hamilton  #Cordoba__Cordova  #Plovdiv__Philippopolis  #Mandalay  #Douala  #Kandy  #Vina_del_Mar  #Antofagasta  #Punta_Arenas  #Concepcion  #Valparaiso  #Lanzhou__Lanchou__Lanchow  #Shanghai  #Guangzhou__Canton__Kuangchou__Kwangchow  #Nanchang__Nan-chang  #Nanning__Nan-ning  #Shenyang__Mukden__Moukden__Fengtien  #Tianjin__Tientsin__T'ien-ching  #Nanjing__Nanking  #Chongqing__Chungking  #Xian__Sian__Singan__Changan__Hsian  #Luoyang__Loyang  #Hangzhou__Hangchow  #Taichung  #Hong_Kong  #Cali  #Medellin  #Cartagena  #Kananga__Luluabourg  #Lubumbashi__Elisabethville  #Abidjan  #San_Pedro_Sula  #Santa_Ana.Salvador__santaana  #Colon__Aspinwall  #Merida  #Campeche  #Cancun  #Acapulco_de_Juarez__Acapulco  #chihuahua  #Juarez__Ciudad_Juarez  #Ciudad_Victoria  #Culiacan  #Durango__Victoria_de_Durango  #Guadalajara  #Hermosillo  #Leon.Mexico__leon  #Matamoros  #Mazatlan  #Mexicali  #Monterrey  #Oaxaca_de_Juarez__Oaxaca  #Orizaba  #Puebla_de_Zaragoza__Puebla__Heroica_Puebla_de_Zaragoza  #San_Luis_Potosi  #Tepic  #Tampico  #Torreon  #Tijuana  #Tuxtla_Gutierrez  #Veracruz  #Villahermosa  #Santiago_de_Cuba__Santiago  #Guantanamo  #Santiago_de_los_Caballeros__Santiago  #San_Juan  #Montego_Bay  #Cotonou  #Arhus__Aarhus  #Aalborg__Alborg  #Bergen  #Stavanger  #Trondheim__Nidaros  #Malmo  #Lund  #Goteborg__Goeteborg__Gothenburg  #Uppsala__Upsala  #Aachen__Aix-la-Chapelle  #Chemnitz__Karl-Marx_Stadt  #Dresden  #Leipzig  #Solingen  #Weimar  #Bonn  #Cologne__Koln  #Braunschweig__Brunswick  #Dusseldorf  #Essen  #Frankfurt_on_the_Main__Frankfurt__Frankfort  #Halle-an-der-Saale__Halle  #Hamburg  #Hannover__Hanover  #Lubeck  #Mannheim  #Munich__Muenchen  #Nuremberg__Nurnberg  #Rostock  #Stuttgart  #Wiesbaden  #Wurzburg__Wuerzburg  #Guayaquil  #Espoo  #Tampere__Tammerfors  #Corinth__Korinthos  #Argos  #Delphi  #Mycenae  #Sparta  #Troy__Ilion__Ilium  #Thebes  #Thessaloniki__Salonika__Salonica__Thessalonica  #Sodom  #Gomorrah__Gomorrha  #Tel_Aviv-Jaffa__Tel_Aviv  #Haifa  #Jaffa__Joppa__Yafo  #Byzantium  #Pompeii  #Herculaneum  #Aquila_degli_Abruzzi__Aquila__L'Aquila  #Naples__Napoli  #Messina  #Bologna  #Brindisi  #Genoa__Genova  #Cremona  #La_Spezia  #Milan__Milano  #Pisa  #Siracusa__Syracuse  #Turin__Torino  #Bari  #Palermo  #Firenze__Florence  #Padua__Padova__Patavium  #Venice__Venezia  #Verona  #Dubrovnik__Ragusa  #Split  #Banff  #Calgary  #Vancouver  #Saint_John__St._John  #Hamilton.port__hamilton  #Sudbury  #Thunder_Bay  #Montreal  #Saskatoon  #Graz  #Linz__Lentia  #Salzburg  #Innsbruck  #Chittagong  #Antwerpen__Antwerp__Anvers  #Bruges__City_of_Bridges  #Charleroi  #Gent__Gand__Ghent  #Liege__Luik  #Namur  #Belo_Horizonte  #Natal  #Rio_de_Janeiro__Rio  #Recife__Pernambuco  #Sao_Paulo  #Lancaster  #Manchester  #Hull__Kingston-upon_Hull  #Liverpool  #Birmingham  #Oxford.England__oxford  #Cambridge  #Brighton  #Bristol  #Leeds  #Leicester  #Newcastle-upon-Tyne__Newcastle  #Pompey__Portsmouth  #Coventry  #Gloucester.England__gloucester  #Reading  #Sheffield  #Winchester.England__winchester  #Worcester.England__worcester  #Cork  #Galway  #Limerick  #Waterford  #Aberdeen.Scotland__aberdeen  #Glasgow  #Newport.Wales__newport  #Swansea  #El_Iskandriyah__Alexandria  #Aswan__Assuan__Assouan  #Giza__El_Giza  #Memphis.Egypt__memphi  #Luxor  #Suez  #Delhi__Old_Delhi  #Calcutta  #Bombay__Greater_Bombay  #Agra  #Hyderabad  #Chennai__Madras  #Salem.India__salem  #Bandung  #Medan  #Semarang__Samarang  #Abadan  #Mashhad__Meshed  #Isfahan__Esfahan__Aspadana  #Shiraz  #Tabriz  #Qum  #Persepolis  #Basra__Basia  #Mosul  #Edirne__Adrianople__Adrianopolis  #Babylon  #Ur  #Assur__Asur__Ashur  #Nineveh  #Utica.Phoenicia__utica  #Nagoya  #Osaka  #Yokohama  #Naha_City  #Kyoto  #Hiroshima  #Sapporo  #Kitakyushu  #Fukuoka  #Nagasaki  #Aqaba__Akaba  #Zarqa__Az_Zarqa  #Kisumu  #Mombasa  #Nakuru  #Bordeaux  #Brest  #Cannes  #Dijon  #Grenoble  #Le_Havre  #Lille  #Lyon__Lyons  #Marseille__Marseilles  #Nancy  #Nantes  #Nice  #Orleans  #Strasbourg__Strassburg  #Toulouse  #Versailles  #The_Hague__'s_Gravenhage__Den_Haag  #Eindhoven  #Nijmegen  #Rotterdam  #Leiden__Leyden  #Utrecht  #Thorshavn  #Incheon__Inchon__Chemulpo  #Kwangju  #Taegu__Tegu  #Pusan  #Tarabulus__Tripoli  #Saida__Sidon  #Sur__Tyre  #Benghazi  #Blantyre  #Zomba  #Timbuktu  #Casablanca  #Fez__Fes  #Marrakesh__Marrakech  #Tangier__Tangiers  #Auckland__Aukland  #Christchurch  #Ibadan  #Katsina  #Lagos  #Yerwa-Maiduguri__Maiduguri  #Zaria  #Karachi  #Lahore  #Faisalabad__Lyallpur  #Arequipa  #Cebu_City__Cebu  #Quezon_City  #Cracow__Krakow__Krakau  #Gdansk__Danzig  #Lodz  #Lublin  #Wroclaw__Breslau  #Braga  #Porto__Oporto  #Papeete  #Medina__Al_Madinah  #Jiddah__Jidda  #Hargeisa  #Cape_Town  #Johannesburg  #Kimberley  #Durban  #Bloemfontein  #Soweto  #Astrakhan  #Cherepovets  #Grozny__Groznyy  #Kaluga  #Kursk  #Nizhnyi_Novgorod__Nizhni_Novgorod__Gorki__Gorky__Gorkiy  #Kazan  #Leningrad__St._Petersburg__Peterburg__Petrograd__Saint_Petersburg  #Murmansk  #Nalchik  #Novgorod  #Perm__Molotov  #Rostov_na_Donu__Rostov__Rostov_on_Don  #Saratov  #Smolensk  #Ufa__ufa  #Volgograd__Stalingrad__Tsaritsyn  #Novosibirsk  #Chelyabinsk  #Omsk  #Vladivostok  #Gomel__Homel  #Klaipeda__Memel  #Kaunas__Kovna__Kovno  #Donetsk__Donetske__Stalino  #Chernobyl  #Dneprodzerzhinsk  #Dnepropetrovsk__Yekaterinoslav  #Kharkov__Kharkiv  #Odesa__Odessa  #Sebastopol__Sevastopol  #Yalta  #Almaty__Alma-Ata  #Samarkand__Samarcand  #Barcelona  #Cadiz  #Cartagena.port__cartagena  #Cordova__Cordoba  #Granada  #Jerez_de_la_Frontera__Jerez  #Leon.Spain__leon  #Malaga  #Oviedo  #San_Sebastian  #Sevilla__Seville  #Toledo.Spain__toledo  #Zaragoza__Saragossa  #Valencia.Spain__valencia  #Nyala  #Port_Sudan  #Omdurman  #Basel__Basle__Bale  #Geneva__Geneve__Genf  #Lausanne  #Zurich  #Aleppo__Alep  #Tabora  #Sfax__Safaqis  #Adana__Seyhan  #Antalya__Adalia  #Istanbul__Stambul__Stamboul__Constantinople  #Bursa__Brusa  #Izmir__Smyrna  #Jinja  #Gulu  #Dubai  #Pittsburgh_of_the_South__Birmingham  #Huntsville  #Mobile  #Selma  #Anchorage  #Tucson  #Anaheim  #Bakersfield  #Berkeley  #Beverly_Hills  #Fresno  #Long_Beach  #Los_Angeles__City_of_the_Angels  #Oakland  #Pasadena  #Riverside  #San_Bernadino  #San_Diego  #San_Francisco  #San_Jose.California__sanjose  #Santa_Ana.California__santaana  #Santa_Clara  #Colorado_Springs  #Pueblo.Colorado__pueblo  #Bridgeport  #New_Haven  #Waterbury  #Wilmington.Delaware__wilmington  #Fort_Lauderdale  #Jacksonville  #Miami  #Miami_Beach  #Orlando  #St._Augustine__Saint_Augustine  #St._Petersburg__Saint_Petersburg  #Tampa  #Augusta.Georgia__augusta  #Columbus.Georgia__columbu  #Macon  #Savannah  #Windy_City__Chicago  #Decatur.Illinois__decatur  #Peoria  #Rockford  #Evansville  #Fort_Wayne  #Gary  #South_Bend  #Davenport  #Cedar_Rapids  #Sioux_City  #Kansas_City.Kansas__kansascity  #Wichita.Kansas__wichita  #Lexington.Kentucky__lexington  #Louisville  #New_Orleans  #Shreveport  #Portland.Maine__portland  #Baltimore  #Cambridge.Massachusetts__cambridge  #Springfield  #Worcester.Massachusetts__worcester  #Salem.Massachusetts__salem  #Ann_Arbor  #Detroit__Motor_City__Motown  #Flint  #Grand_Rapids  #Duluth  #Minneapolis  #Independence  #Kansas_City.Missouri__kansascity  #Saint_Louis__St._Louis__Gateway_to_the_West  #Springfield.Missouri__springfield  #Billings  #Omaha.Nebraska__omaha  #Las_Vegas  #Reno  #Manchester.New_Hampshire__manchester  #Atlantic_City  #Jersy_City  #Newark  #Bayonne  #Camden  #Paterson  #Albuquerque  #Buffalo  #New_York__New_York_City  #Binghamton  #Niagara_Falls  #Rochester.New_York_State__rochester  #Schenectady  #Syracuse  #Utica.New_York_State__utica  #Charlotte  #Durham  #Greensboro  #Winston-Salem  #Fargo  #Akron  #Cleveland  #Cincinnati  #Dayton  #Toledo.Ohio__toledo  #Youngstown  #Tulsa  #Eugene  #Portland.Oregon__portland  #Allentown  #Erie  #Chester  #Philadelphia__City_of_Brotherly_Love  #Pittsburgh  #Scranton  #Newport.Rhode_Island__newport  #Charleston.South_Carolina__charleston  #Sioux_Falls  #Chattanooga  #Knoxville  #Memphis.Tennessee__memphi  #Abilene  #Amarillo  #Beaumont  #Brownsville  #Corpus_Christi  #Dallas  #El_Paso  #Fort_Worth  #Houston  #Laredo  #Lubbock  #Odessa  #San_Antonio  #Waco  #Wichita_Falls  #Burlington  #Newport_News  #Norfolk  #Lynchburg  #Portsmouth.port__portsmouth  #Roanoke  #Seattle  #Spokane  #Tacoma  #Beckley  #Clarksburg  #Huntington  #Morgantown  #Parkersburg  #Wheeling  #Green_Bay  #Milwaukee  #Racine  #Casper  #Vatican_City__Citta_del_Vaticano  #Cuidad_Bolivar  #Maracaibo  #Maracay  #Valencia.Venezuela__valencia  #Ho_Chi_Minh_City__Saigon  #Haiphong  #Aden  #Bulawayo
              subtype:  #town  an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city; "they drive through town on their way to work"
                 subtype:  #burg  colloquial American term for a town; "I've lived in this burg all my life"
                 subtype:  #boom_town  a town enjoying sudden prosperity
                 subtype:  #ghost_town__ghosttown  a deserted town (especially in Western United States)
                 subtype:  #hometown  the town (or city) where you grew up or where you have your principal residence; "he never went back to his hometown again"
                 subtype:  #market_town  a (usually small) town where a public market is held at stated times
                 instance:  #Nogales.northern_Mexico__nogale  #Austerlitz  #Viborg  #Mariehamn__Maarianhamina  #Knossos__Cnossos__Cnossus  #Actium  #Akko__Acre__Akka__Accho  #Bethlehem  #Tivoli__Tibur  #Agrigento__Acragas__Girgenti  #Nanaimo  #Churchill  #Yellowknife  #Kingston.Ontario__kingston  #Sault_Sainte_Marie  #Dawson  #Alost__Aalost  #Blackpool  #Stratford-on-Avon__Stratford-upon-Avon  #Hastings  #Canterbury  #Bangor.Northern_Ireland  #Tara  #Ayr  #Aberdare  #Bangor.Wales__bangor  #Saqqara__Saqqarah__Sakkara  #Calais  #Chablis  #Vichy  #Thule  #Monte_Carlo  #El_Aaium  #Cuzco__Cusco  #Setubal  #Abydos  #Antioch__Antakya__Antakiya  #Decatur.Alabama__decatur  #Gadsden  #Tuscaloosa  #Tuskegee  #Nome  #Flagstaff  #Nogales.Arizona__nogale  #Prescott  #Yuma.Arizona__yuma  #Fayetteville  #Fort_Smith  #Hot_Springs  #Jonesboro  #Pine_Bluff  #Texarkana.Arkansas__texarkana  #Barstow  #Eureka  #Monterey  #Palo_Alto  #Redding  #San_Mateo  #San_Pablo  #Santa_Barbara  #Boulder  #Farmington.Connecticut__farmington  #New_London  #Daytona_Beach  #Fort_Myers  #Gainesville  #Key_West  #Melbourne.Florida__melbourne  #Palm_Beach  #Panama_City.Florida__panamacity  #Pensacola  #Sarasota  #West_Palm_Beach  #Albany.Georgia__albany  #Athens.Georgia__athen  #Brunswick.Georgia__brunswick  #Oxford.Mississippi__oxford  #Valdosta  #Hilo  #Coeur_d'Alene  #Idaho_Falls  #Lewiston.Idaho__lewiston  #Nampa  #Pocatello  #Twin_Falls.Idaho__twinfall  #Carbondale  #Champaign  #East_Saint_Louis  #Moline  #Rock_Island  #Urbana  #Bloomington  #Lafayette.Indiana__lafayette  #Muncie  #Council_Bluffs  #Clinton  #Dubuque  #Mason_City  #Ottumwa  #Dodge_City  #Hays  #Lawrence  #Salina  #Bowling_Green  #Owensboro  #Paducah  #Alexandria  #Lafayette.Louisiana__lafayette  #Monroe.Louisiana__monroe  #Morgan_City  #Bangor.Maine__bangor  #Brunswick.Maine__brunswick  #Lewiston.Maine__lewiston  #Orono  #Aberdeen.Maryland__aberdeen  #Frederick  #Hagerstown  #Concord.Massachusetts__concord  #Gloucester.Massachusetts__gloucester  #Lexington.Massachusetts__lexington  #Medford.Massachusetts__medford  #Pittsfield  #Plymouth  #Alpena  #Houghton  #Jackson.Michigan__jackson  #Kalamazoo  #Marquette  #Monroe.Michigan__monroe  #Saginaw  #Traverse_City  #Bemidji  #Hibbing  #Mankato  #Rochester.Minnesota__rochester  #Saint_Cloud__St._Cloud  #Virginia.Minnesota__virginia  #Biloxi.Mississippi__biloxi  #Columbus.Mississippi__columbu  #Greenville  #Hattiesburg  #Meridian  #Natchez  #Tupelo  #Vicksburg  #Cape_Girardeau  #Columbia.Missouri__columbia  #Hannibal  #Poplar_Bluff  #St._Joseph__Saint_Joseph  #Sedalia  #Bozeman  #Great_Falls  #Missoula  #Grand_Island  #North_Platte  #Portsmouth  #New_Brunswick.New_Jersey__newbrunswick  #Princeton  #Carlsbad  #Farmington.New_Mexico__farmington  #Gallup  #Las_Cruces  #Los_Alamos  #Roswell  #Silver_City  #Taos  #Ithaca  #Elmont  #Kingston.New_York_State__kingston  #Newburgh  #Saratoga_Springs  #Watertown.New_York_State__watertown  #Asheville  #Chappel_Hill  #Fayetteville.North_Carolina__fayetteville  #Greenville.North_Carolina__greenville  #Wilmington.North_Carolina__wilmington  #Athens.Ohio__athen  #Mansfield  #Bartlesville  #Enid  #Lawton  #McAlester  #Muskogee.Oklahoma__muskogee  #Bend  #Klamath_Falls  #Medford.Oregon__medford  #Altoona  #Gettysburg  #Hershey  #Florence  #Greenville.South_Carolina__greenville  #Aberdeen.South_Dakota__aberdeen  #Rapid_City  #Columbia.Tennessee__columbia  #Jackson.Tennessee__jackson  #Johnson_City  #Bryan  #Del_Rio  #Galveston  #Lufkin  #McAllen  #Midland  #Paris.Texas__pari  #San_Angelo  #Sherman  #Texarkana.Texas__texarkana  #Tyler  #Victoria.Texas__victoria  #Ogden  #Provo  #Bennington  #Brattleboro  #Rutland  #Blacksburg  #Aberdeen.Washington__aberdeen  #Bellingham  #Kennewick  #Vancouver.Washington__vancouver  #Walla_Walla  #Yakima  #Fayetteville.West_Virginia__fayetteville  #Appleton  #Eau_Claire  #La_Crosse  #Superior  #Watertown.Wisconsin__watertown  #Wausau  #Jackson.Wyoming__jackson  #Lander  #Laramie  #Rock_Springs
           subtype:  #prefecture.administrative_district  the district administered by a prefect (as in France or Japan or the Roman Empire)
           subtype:  #state.administrative_district__province  the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation; "his state is in the deep south"
              subtype:  #commonwealth  the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)
                 instance:  #Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico__Puerto_Rico__Porto_Rico__PR
              subtype:  #American_state  one of the 50 states of the United States
                 subtype:  #slave_state__slavestate  any of the southern states in which slavery was legal prior to the Civil War
                 subtype:  #free_state  any state prohibiting slavery prior to the Civil War
                 instance:  #Alabama__Heart_of_Dixie__Camellia_State__AL  #Alaska__Last_Frontier__AK  #Arizona__Grand_Canyon_State__AZ  #Arkansas__Land_of_Opportunity__AR  #California__Golden_State__CA  #Colorado__Centennial_State__CO  #Connecticut__Nutmeg_State__Constitution_State__CT  #Delaware__Diamond_State__First_State__DE  #Florida__Sunshine_State__Everglade_State__FL  #Georgia__Empire_State_of_the_South__Peach_State__GA  #Hawaii__Aloha_State__HI  #Idaho__Gem_State__ID  #Illinois__Prairie_State__Land_of_Lincoln__IL  #Indiana__Hoosier_State__IN  #Iowa__Hawkeye_State__IA  #Kansas__Sunflower_State__KS  #Kentucky__Bluegrass_State__KY  #Louisiana__Pelican_State__LA  #Maine__Pine_Tree_State__ME  #Maryland__Old_Line_State__Free_State__MD  #Massachusetts__Bay_State__Old_Colony__MA  #Michigan__Wolverine_State__Great_Lakes_State__MI  #Minnesota__Gopher_State__North_Star_State__MN  #Mississippi__Magnolia_State__MS  #Missouri__Show_Me_State__MO  #Montana__Treasure_State__MT  #Nebraska__Cornhusker_State__NE  #Nevada__Silver_State__Battle_Born_State__Sagebrush_State__NV  #New_Hampshire__Granite_State__NH  #New_Jersey__Garden_State__NJ  #New_Mexico__Land_of_Enchantment__NM  #New_York_State__New_York__Empire_State__NY  #North_Carolina__Old_North_State__Tar_Heel_State__NC  #North_Dakota__Peace_Garden_State__ND  #Ohio__Buckeye_State__OH  #Oklahoma__Sooner_State__OK  #Oregon__Beaver_State__OR  #Pennsylvania__Keystone_State__PA  #Rhode_Island__Little_Rhody__Ocean_State__RI  #South_Carolina__Palmetto_State__SC  #South_Dakota__Coyote_State__Mount_Rushmore_State__SD  #Tennessee__Volunteer_State__TN  #Texas__Lone-Star_State__TX  #Utah__Beehive_State__Mormon_State__UT  #Vermont__Green_Mountain_State__VT  #Virginia__Old_Dominion__Old_Dominion_State__VA  #Washington_State__Washington__Evergreen_State__WA  #West_Virginia__Mountain_State__WV  #Wisconsin__Badger_State__WI  #Wyoming__Equality_State__WY
              subtype:  #Italian_region  Italy is divided into 20 regions for administrative purposes
                 instance:  #Abruzzi_e_Molise__Abruzzi  #Basilicata__Lucania  #Calabria  #Campania  #Emilia-Romagna  #Friuli-Venezia_Giulia  #Latium__Lazio  #Liguria  #Lombardy__Lombardia  #Marche__Marches  #Molise  #Piemonte__Piedmont  #Puglia__Apulia  #Sardegna__Sardinia  #Sicily__Sicilia  #Tuscany__Toscana  #Trentino-Alto_Adige  #Umbria  #Valle_D'Aosta  #Veneto__Venezia-Euganea__Venetia
              subtype:  #Canadian_province  Canada is divided into 12 provinces for administrative purposes
                 instance:  #Alberta  #British_Columbia  #Manitoba  #New_Brunswick.Canada__newbrunswick  #Newfoundland.Canadian_province__newfoundland  #Nova_Scotia  #Ontario  #Prince_Edward_Island  #Quebec  #Saskatchewan
              subtype:  #Australian_state  one of the states constituting Australia
                 instance:  #Queensland__QLD  #New_South_Wales__NSW  #Victoria.Australian_state__victoria__VIC  #Tasmania  #South_Australia__SA  #Western_Australia__WA
              subtype:  #Soviet_Socialist_Republic  one of the states that formerly made up the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922-1991)
                 instance:  #Soviet_Russia__Russia__Russian_Soviet_Federated_Socialist_Republic
              instance:  #Gansu__Kansu  #Hebei__Hopei__Hopeh  #Szechwan__Sichuan__Szechuan  #Yunnan  #Chihuahua.state__chihuahua  #Lower_Saxony  #Bavaria  #Kosovo  #Tyrol__Tirol  #Assam  #Manipur  #Andhra_Pradesh  #Bihar  #Goa  #Gujarat__Gujerat  #Tamil_Nadu__Madras  #Orissa  #Indonesian_Borneo__Kalimantan  #Transvaal  #Abkhazia__Abkhaz  #Adzhar__Adzharia  #Buganda
           subtype:  #township__town  an administrative division of a county; "the town is responsible for snow removal"
           subtype:  #ward.administrative_district  a district into which a city or town is divided for the purpose of administration and elections
        subtype:  #city_district  a district of a town or city
           subtype:  #Barbary_Coast.city_district__barbarycoast  a part of a city that is notorious for gambling dens and brothels and saloons and riotous night life (especially the waterfront of San Francisco after the gold rush of 1849); "we'll tolerate no Barbary Coast in this city!"
           subtype:  #precinct  a district of a city or town marked out for administrative purposes
              subtype:  #police_precinct  a precinct in which law enforcement is the responsibility of particular police force
              subtype:  #voting_precinct__election_district  one of several districts into which a city or town is divided for voting; each contains one polling place
           subtype:  #business_district__downtown  the commercial center of a town or city
              instance:  #Tin_Pan_Alley
           subtype:  #red-light_district__redlightdistrict  a district with many brothels
           subtype:  #quarter  a district of a city having some distinguishing character; "the Latin Quarter"
              subtype:  #ghetto  the quarter of many European cities in which Jews are required to live
              subtype:  #kasbah  the quarter of many North African cities in which the citadel is located
              subtype:  #medina  the ancient quarter of many North African cities
              subtype:  #barrio.quarter  a Spanish-speaking quarter in a town or city (especially in the United States)
           subtype:  #waterfront  the area of a city (such as a harbor or dockyard) alongside a body of water
              subtype:  #seafront  the waterfront of a seaside town
              subtype:  #dockyard  an establishment on the waterfront where vessels are built or fitted out or repaired
           subtype:  #slum_area__slum  a district of a city marked by poverty and inferior living conditions
              subtype:  #shantytown  a city district inhabited by people living in huts and shanties
              subtype:  #skid_row  a city district frequented by vagrants and alcoholics and addicts
           subtype:  #tenderloin__combat_zone  a city district known for its vice and high crime rate
           subtype:  #turf.city_district  the territory claimed by a juvenile gang as its own
           subtype:  #enterprise_zone__enterprisezone  a city district where development receives special tax advantages
           subtype:  #outskirt__fringe  a part of the city far removed from the center; "they built a factory on the outskirts of the city"
           instance:  #West_Berlin  #Bloomsbury  #Soho  #Wembley  #West_End  #Nob_Hill  #Beacon_Hill  #Coney_Island  #Harlem  #Hell's_Kitchen__Hell's_Half_Acre  #SoHo  #off-Broadway  #Times_Square
        subtype:  #congressional_district__congressionaldistrict  a territorial division of a state; entitled to elect one member to the United States House of Representatives
        subtype:  #development.district  a district that has been developed to serve some purpose; "such land is practical for small park developments"
           subtype:  #housing_development__housingdevelopment  a residential area of similar dwellings built by property developers and usually under a single management; "they live in the new housing development"
              subtype:  #housing_project__housingproject  a housing development that is publicly funded and administered for low-income families
        subtype:  #enclave  an enclosed territory that is culturally distinct from the foreign territory that surrounds it
        subtype:  #residential_district__residentialdistrict__residential_area__residentialarea  a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences
           subtype:  #uptown  a residential part of town away from the central commercial district
           subtype:  #suburb__suburbia__suburban_area  a residential district located on the outskirts of a city
              subtype:  #addition.suburb  a suburban area laid out in streets and lots for a future residential area
              subtype:  #faubourg  a New Orleans district lying outside the original city limits; used in combination with the names of various quarters of the city: "in Faubourg Sainte Marie"
              instance:  #Wimbledon  #Orly
           subtype:  #exurbia  a residential area outside of a city and beyond suburbia
           subtype:  #tenement_district  a residential district occupied primarily with tenement houses
           subtype:  #rabbit_warren__warren  an overcrowded residential area
           instance:  #Georgetown  #Greenwich_Village__Village
        subtype:  #goldfield  a district where gold is mined
        subtype:  #jurisdiction  in law; the territory within which power can be exercised
           subtype:  #abbacy  the jurisdiction or office of an abbot
           subtype:  #archbishopric  the territorial jurisdiction of an archbishop
           subtype:  #archdeaconry  the territorial jurisdiction of an archdeacon
           subtype:  #bailiwick  the area over which a bailiff has jurisdiction
           subtype:  #caliphate.jurisdiction  the territorial jurisdiction of a caliph
           subtype:  #diocese__bishopric  the territorial jurisdiction of a bishop
              subtype:  #archdiocese  the diocese of an archbishop
              subtype:  #eparchy  a diocese of the Eastern Christian Church
           subtype:  #justiciary  the jurisdiction of a justiciar
           subtype:  #turf  (informal) range of jurisdiction or influence: "a bureaucracy...chiefly concerned with turf...and protecting the retirement system"
           subtype:  #parish.jurisdiction  the local subdivision of a diocese committed to one pastor
           subtype:  #patriarchate  the jurisdiction of a patriarch
           subtype:  #venue  in law: the jurisdiction where a trial will be held
           subtype:  #viceroyalty  a district or province governed by a viceroy
        subtype:  #protectorate__associated_state  a state or territory partly controlled by (but not a possession of) a stronger state but autonomous in internal affairs; protectorates are established by treaty
        subtype:  pm#australian_district
           instance:  QLD#Gold_Coast  QLD#Fortitude_Valley  QLD#Sunshine_Coast  QLD#Whitsunday  #Adelaide  NT#Alice_Springs  NSW#Armidale  #Auckland__Aukland  NT#Ayers_Rock  Oz#Blackwater  Oz#Brampton_Island  #Brisbane  Oz#Broken_Hill  Oz#Broome  Oz#Bundaberg  Oz#Burnie  QLD#Cairns  #Canberra__Australian_capital__capital_of_Australia  NSW#Coffs_Harbour  #Darwin  Oz#Devonport  Oz#Dubbo  Oz#Dunk_Island  SA#Edinburgh  Oz#Emerald  Oz#Gladstone  QLD#Coolangatta  Oz#Gove  Oz#Grafton  QLD#Great_Keppel  QLD#Hervey_Bay  #Hobart  Oz#Kalgoorlie  Oz#Karratha  Oz#Kempsey  Oz#Launceston  QLD#Lizard_Island  QLD#Lord_Howe_Island  QLD#Mackay  QLD#Maroochydore  Oz#Maryborough  Oz#McArthur_River  #Melbourne  Oz#Mildura  Oz#Moree  Oz#Mount_Gambier  Oz#Narrabri  Oz#Newcastle  #Perth  Oz#Port_Hedland  Oz#Port_Lincoln  Oz#Port_Macquarie  QLD#Proserpine  Oz#Renmark  Oz#Rockhampton  #Sydney  Oz#Tamworth  Oz#Taree  Oz#Thursday_Island  Oz#Toowoomba  QLD#Townsville  #Wellington__capital_of_New_Zealand  Oz#Whyalla  QLD#Arundel  QLD#Ashmore  QLD#Labrador  QLD#Nerang  QLD#Parkwood  QLD#Robina  QLD#Southport  QLD#Surfers_Paradise
        instance:  #Louisiana_Purchase  #Palatinate__Pfalz  #Mount_Athos__Athos  #Attica  #Boeotia  #Acadia  #Northwest_Territories  #Yukon_Territory__Yukon  #Northern_Territory__NT  #Acre  #Lake_District__Lakeland  #Galloway.district__galloway  #Lothian_Region  #East_Malaysia  #Sabah__North_Borneo  #Sarawak  #West_Malaysia  #Natal.district__natal  #American_Samoa__Eastern_Samoa__AS  #Aragon  #Castile__Castilla  #Catalonia  #Kordofan  pm#Darmstadt (pm)
     subtype:  #demesne__domain__land  territory over which rule or control is exercised; "his domain extended into Europe"; "he made it the law of the land"
        subtype:  #archduchy  the domain controlled by an archduke or archduchess
        subtype:  #barony.demesne  the domain of a baron
        subtype:  #duchy__dukedom  the domain controlled by a duke or duchess
        subtype:  #earldom  the domain controlled by an earl or count or countess
        subtype:  #emirate.demesne  the domain controlled by an emir
        subtype:  #empire  the domain ruled by an emperor or empress
           instance:  #Roman_Empire  #Egyptian_Empire__Egypt  #Persia__Persian_Empire  #Russia.empire__russia  #Ottoman_Empire__Turkish_Empire
        subtype:  #fiefdom.demesne  the domain controlled by a feudal lord
        subtype:  #grand_duchy__grandduchy  the domain controlled by a grand duke or grand duchess
        subtype:  #viscounty  the domain controlled by a viscount or viscountess
        subtype:  #kingdom.demesne__realm  the domain ruled by a king or queen
        subtype:  #principality__princedom  territory ruled by a prince
           instance:  #Wales__Cymru__Cambria  #Monaco__Principality_of_Monaco  #Muscovy
        subtype:  #sheikdom__sheikhdom  the domain ruled by a sheik
        subtype:  #suzerainty  the domain of a suzerain
        instance:  #Kingdom_of_God
     subtype:  #northland__North__septentrion  any region lying in or toward the north
     subtype:  #southland__South  any region lying in or toward the south
     subtype:  #practical_work_field__field  somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected; "anthropologists do much of their work in the field"
     subtype:  #geographical_area__geographic_area__geographical_region__geographic_region  a demarcated area of the Earth
        subtype:  #Andalusia__Andalucia  a region in southern Spain on the Atlantic and the Mediterranean; formerly a center of Moorish civilization
        subtype:  #Appalachia  an impoverished coal mining area in the Appalachian Mountains (from Pennsylvania to North Carolina)
        subtype:  #Nubia  an ancient region of northeastern Africa (southern Egypt and northern Sudan) on the Nile; much of Nubia is now under Lake Nasser
        subtype:  #desert  an arid region with little or no vegetation
           instance:  #Arabian_Desert  #Atacama_Desert  #Australian_Desert  #Colorado_Desert  #Death_Valley  #Gila_Desert  #Gobi_Desert__Gobi  #Kalahari_Desert__Kalahari  #Libyan_Desert  #Mojave_Desert__Mojave__Mohave__Mohave_Desert  #Namib_Desert  #Negev_Desert__Negev  #Nubian_Desert  #Painted_Desert  #Patagonian_Desert  #Sahara_Desert__Sahara  #Sinai_Desert__Sinai
        subtype:  #semidesert  a region much like a desert but usually located between a desert and the surrounding regions
        subtype:  #borderland__marchland  the area on either side of a border or boundary
        subtype:  #place__property  any area set aside for a particular purpose; "who owns this place?"; "the president was concerned about the property across from the White House"
           subtype:  #sanctuary  a consecrated place where sacred objects are kept
              subtype:  #sanctum_sanctorum__sanctumsanctorum__holy_of_holies  (Judaism) sanctuary comprised of the innermost chamber of the Tabernacle in the Temple of Jerusalem where the Ark of the Covenant was kept
              subtype:  #Tabernacle  (Judaism) a portable sanctuary in which the Jews carried the Ark of the Covenant on their exodus
           subtype:  #centre__center  a place where some particular activity is concentrated; "they received messages from several centers"
           subtype:  #hatchery  a place where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions (especially fish eggs); "the park authorities operated a trout hatchery"
        subtype:  #catchment_area__catchmentarea__catchment_basin__catchmentbasin__drainage_area__drainage_basin  the geographical area draining into a river or reservoir
        subtype:  #river_basin__riverbasin__basin  the entire geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries; "flood control in the Missouri basin"
        subtype:  #geographical_zone__zone  any of the regions of the surface of the Earth loosely divided according to latitude or longitude
           subtype:  #climatic_zone  any of the geographical zones loosely divided according to prevailing climate and latitude
              subtype:  #Frigid_Zone__polar_zone__polarzone  the part of the Earth's surface forming a cap over a pole; characterized by frigid climate
                 subtype:  #Antarctic_Zone__Antarctic__South_Frigid_Zone  the region around the south pole: Antarctica and surrounding waters
                 subtype:  #Arctic_Zone__Arctic__North_Frigid_Zone  the regions north of the Arctic Circle centered on the North Pole
              subtype:  #Temperate_Zone  the part of the Earth's surface between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer or between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by temperate climate
                 instance:  #North_Temperate_Zone  #South_Temperate_Zone
              subtype:  #subtropics__semitropics__semitropic  regions adjacent to the tropics
              instance:  #Torrid_Zone__tropical_zone__tropics
           subtype:  #time_zone  any of the 24 regions of the globe (loosely divided by longitude) throughout which the same standard time is used
        subtype:  #environs__environment__surroundings__surround  the area in which something exists or lives: "the country--the flat agricultural surround"
           subtype:  #ambiance__ambience  the atmosphere of an environment
           subtype:  #medium.environs  the surrounding environment; "fish require an aqueous medium"
           subtype:  #setting.environs__scene  the context and environment in which something is set: "the perfect setting for a ghost story"
           subtype:  #element.environs  the most favorable environment for a plant or animal; "water is the element of fishes"
           subtype:  #habitat  the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs: "a marine habitat"
              subtype:  #habitation  the native habitat or home of an animal or plant
                 subtype:  #aerie__aery__eyrie__eyry  any habitation at a high altitude
                 subtype:  #lair__den  the habitation of wild animals
           subtype:  #melting_pot__meltingpot  an environment in which many ideas and races are socially assimilated
           subtype:  #parts__part  the local environment; "he hasn't been seen around these parts in years"
        subtype:  #dust_bowl  a region subject to dust storms; especially the central region of United States subject to dust storms in the 1930s
        subtype:  #hemisphere  half of the terrestrial globe
           subtype:  #eastern_hemisphere__easternhemisphere__orient  the hemisphere that includes Eurasia and Africa and Australia
           subtype:  #northern_hemisphere  the hemisphere north of the equator
           subtype:  #southern_hemisphere  the hemisphere south of the equator
           subtype:  #western_hemisphere__westernhemisphere__occident__New_World  the hemisphere that includes North and South America
        subtype:  #hotspot__hot_spot__hotspot  a place of political unrest and potential violence; "the United States cannot police all of the world's hot spots"
        subtype:  #panhandle.geographical_area  a relatively narrow strip of land projecting from some larger area; "Wheeling is located in the northern panhandle of West Virginia"
        subtype:  #rural_area__ruralarea__country  an area outside of cities and towns; "his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country"
           subtype:  #backwoods__backwood__back_country__boondocks__boondock__hinterland  a remote and undeveloped area
           subtype:  #farmland__farming_area__farmingarea  a rural area where farming is practiced
           subtype:  #countryside  rural regions
           subtype:  #scrubland  an uncultivated region covered with scrub vegetation
           subtype:  #weald  (Brit) an area of open or forested country
           subtype:  #wold  a tract of open rolling country (especially upland)
        subtype:  #sphere_of_influence__sphere  the geographical area in which one nation is very influential
        subtype:  #field.geographical_area  a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found; "the diamond fields of South Africa"
           subtype:  #coalfield  a region where there is coal underground
           subtype:  #gasfield  a region where there is natural gas underground
           subtype:  #oilfield  a region rich in petroleum deposits (especially one with producing oil wells)
        subtype:  #settlement.geographical_area  an area where a group of families live together
           subtype:  #village__hamlet  a settlement smaller than a town
              subtype:  #kraal.village  a village of huts for native Africans in southern Africa; usually surrounded by a stockade
              subtype:  #pueblo  a communal village built by Indians in the southwestern U.S.
              instance:  #Kampong__campong  #El_Alamein  #Jericho  #Jamestown
        subtype:  #piece_of_land__tract__piece_of_ground__parcel_of_land__parcel  an extended area of land
           subtype:  #baseball_diamond__diamond__infield  the area of a baseball field that is enclosed by 3 bases and home plate
           subtype:  #centerfield__center  the piece of ground in the outfield directly ahead of the catcher; "he hit the ball to deep center"
           subtype:  #leftfield__left  the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's left
           subtype:  #outfield  the area of a baseball playing field beyond the lines connecting the bases
           subtype:  #rightfield__right  the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's right
           subtype:  #short  the location on a baseball field where the shortstop is stationed
           subtype:  #railway_yard__railwayyard__yard  an area having a network of railway tracks and sidings for storage and maintenance of cars and engines
              subtype:  #marshalling_yard__marshallingyard  a railway yard in which trains are assembled and goods are loaded
           subtype:  #oasis__oasi  a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)
           subtype:  #battlefield__battleground__field_of_battle__field  a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought; "they made a tour of Civil War battlefields"
              subtype:  #Camlan  (Arthurian legend) the battlefield where King Arthur was mortally wounded
              instance:  #Armageddon
           subtype:  #minefield  a region in which explosives mines have been placed
           subtype:  #breeding_ground  a place where animals breed
              subtype:  #pesthole  a breeding ground for epidemic disease
              subtype:  #rookery  a breeding ground for gregarious birds (such as rooks)
                 subtype:  #heronry  a breeding ground for herons; a heron rookery
           subtype:  #glade  a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area
           subtype:  #field  a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed; "he planted a field of wheat"
              subtype:  #curtilage__yard__grounds  the enclosed land around a house or other building; "it was a small house with almost no yard"
                 subtype:  #backyard  the grounds in back of a house
                 subtype:  #courtyard__court  a yard wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings; "the house was built around an inner court"
                    subtype:  #atrium  the central area in a building; open to the sky
                    subtype:  #bailey.courtyard  the outer courtyard of a castle
                    subtype:  #cloister  a courtyard with covered walks (as in religious institutions)
                    subtype:  #forecourt  the outer or front court of a building or of a group of buildings
                    subtype:  #parvis  a courtyard or portico in front of a building (especially a cathedral)
                 subtype:  #dooryard  a yard outside the front or rear door of a house
                 subtype:  #front_yard__frontyard  the yard in front of a house; between the house and the street
                 subtype:  #garden.curtilage  a yard or lawn adjoining a house
                 subtype:  #playground  yard consisting of an outdoor area for children's play
                 subtype:  #side_yard  the grounds at either side of a house
              subtype:  #campus  a field on which the buildings of a university are situated
                 instance:  QLD#Gold_Coast_campus_of_Griffith_Uni (QLD)
              subtype:  #firebreak  a narrow field that has been cleared to check the spread of a prairie fire or forest fire
              subtype:  #grainfield__grain_field__grainfield  a field where grain is grown
                 subtype:  #cornfield__corn_field  a field planted with corn
                 subtype:  #wheatfield__wheat_field__wheatfield  a field planted with wheat
              subtype:  #lawn  a field of cultivated and mowed grass
              subtype:  #paddy_field__paddyfield__paddy__rice_paddy  an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown
           subtype:  #grounds  a tract of land cleared for some special purposes (recreation or burial etc.)
           subtype:  #playing_field__playingfield__athletic_field__playing_area__playingarea__field  a piece of land prepared for playing a game; "the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field"
              subtype:  #scene_of_action__arena  a playing field where sports events take place
                 subtype:  #circus.scene_of_action__circu  an arena consisting of an oval or circular area enclosed by tiers of seats and usually covered by a tent; "they used the elephants to help put up the circus"
              subtype:  #ball_field__diamond  the baseball playing field
              subtype:  #court  a specially marked area within which a game is played; "players had to reserve a court in advance"
                 subtype:  #badminton_court__badmintoncourt  the court on which badminton is played
                 subtype:  #basketball_court  the court on which basketball is played
                    subtype:  #home_court  (basketball) the court where the host team plays its home games
                 subtype:  #handball_court  the court on which handball is played
                 subtype:  #squash_court  the indoor court in which squash is played
                 subtype:  #tennis_court  the court on which tennis is played
                 subtype:  #volleyball_court  the court on which volleyball is played
              subtype:  #football_field__gridiron  the playing field on which football is played
              subtype:  #palestra__palaestra  a public place in ancient Greece or Rome devoted to the training of wrestlers and other athletes
              subtype:  #bowling_green__bowlinggreen  a field of closely mowed turf for playing bowls
           subtype:  #industrial_park  a tract at a distance from city center that is designed for a community of businesses and factories
           subtype:  #grassland  a land where grass or grasslike vegetation grows and is the dominant form of plant life
              subtype:  #hayfield__meadow  a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay
              subtype:  #pasture__pastureland__grazing_land__grazingland__lea__ley  a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock
                 subtype:  #common_land__commons__common  a pasture subject to common use
                 subtype:  #cow_pasture__cowpasture  a pasture for cows
              subtype:  #prairie  a treeless grassy plain
                 instance:  #Great_Plains
              subtype:  #savanna__savannah  a flat grassland in tropical or subtropical regions
              subtype:  #veld__veldt  elevated open grassland in southern Africa
           subtype:  #mud_flat__mudflat  a tract of low muddy land near an estuary; covered at high tide and exposed at low tide
           subtype:  #parade_ground  an area for holding parades
           subtype:  #fairground  an open area for holding fairs or exhibitions or circuses
           subtype:  #midway  the place at a fair or carnival where sideshows and similar amusements are located
           subtype:  #fairway.piece_of_land  a tract of ground free of obstacles to movement
           subtype:  #park  a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property; "there are laws that protect the wildlife in this park"
              subtype:  #national_park  a tract of land declared by the national government to be public property
                 instance:  #Acadia_National_Park  #Arches_National_Park  #Badlands_National_Park  #Big_Bend_National_Park  #Biscayne_National_Park  #Bruce_Canyon_National_Park  #Canyonlands_National_Park  #Capitol_Reef_National_Park  #Carlsbad_Caverns_National_Park  #Channel_Islands_National_Park  #Crater_Lake_National_Park  #Denali_National_Park  #Everglades_National_Park  #Gates_of_the_Arctic_National_Park  #Grand_Canyon_National_Park  #Grand_Teton_National_Park  #Great_Smoky_Mountains_National_Park  #Guadalupe_Mountains_National_Park  #Haleakala_National_Park  #Hawaii_Volcanoes_National_Park  #Hot_Springs_National_Park  #Isle_Royal_National_Park  #Katmai_National_Park  #Kenai_Fjords_National_Park  #Kings_Canyon_National_Park  #Kobuk_Valley_National_Park  #Lake_Clark_National_Park  #Lassen_Volcanic_National_Park  #Mammoth_Cave_National_Park  #Mesa_Verde_National_Park  #Mount_Ranier_National_Park  #North_Cascades_National_Park  #Olympic_National_Park  #Petrified_Forest_National_Park  #Platt_National_Park  #Redwood_National_Park  #Rocky_Mountain_National_Park  #Sequoia_National_Park  #Shenandoah_National_Park  #Theodore_Roosevelt_Memorial_National_Park  #Virgin_Islands_National_Park  #Voyageurs_National_Park  #Wind_Cave_National_Park  #Wrangell-St._Elias_National_Park  #Yellowstone_National_Park  #Yosemite_National_Park  #Zion_National_Park
           subtype:  #commons__common__park__green  a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area; "they went for a walk in the park"
              subtype:  #amusement_park__amusementpark__funfair__pleasure_ground  a commercially operated park with stalls and shows for amusement
                 subtype:  #theme_park__themepark  an amusement park that is organized around some theme (as the world of tomorrow)
                    instance:  http://sunshinecoast.citysearch.com.au/profile?id=45110368
                 instance:  #Disneyland  #Walt_Disney_World
              subtype:  #village_green__villagegreen  a village park consisting of a plot of grassy land
              instance:  #Central_Park
           subtype:  #picnic_area__picnic_ground  a tract of land set aside for picnicking
           subtype:  #public_square__square  an open area at the meeting of two or more streets
              subtype:  #piazza__plaza  a public square with room for pedestrians; "they met at Elm Plaza"; "Grosvenor Place"
           subtype:  #toll_plaza  an area where tollbooths are located
           subtype:  #range.piece_of_land  a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze; "they used to drive the cattle across the open range every spring"; "he dreamed of a home on the range"
              subtype:  #home_range__home_territory  the area in which an animal normally ranges
           subtype:  #sector.piece_of_land  a portion of a military position
           subtype:  #land_site__site  the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located): "a good site for the school"
              subtype:  #summer_camp__camp  a site where care and activities are provided for children during the summer months; "city kids get to see the country at a summer camp"
                 subtype:  #day_camp__daycamp  a camp providing care and activities for children during the daytime
              subtype:  #apron.land_site  (golf) the part of the fairway leading onto the green
              subtype:  #bomb_site  an area in a town that has been devastated by bombs; "they opened a parking lot on the bomb site"
              subtype:  #campsite__campground__camping_site__campingsite__camping_ground__campingground__bivouac__encampment__camping_area__campingarea  a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent
              subtype:  #cemetery__graveyard__burial_site__burial_ground__burying_ground__buryingground__memorial_park__necropolis  a tract of land used for burials
                 subtype:  #potter's_field  a cemetery for unknown or indigent people
              subtype:  #excavation__dig  the site of an archeological exploration; "they set up camp next to the dig"
              subtype:  #garbage_dump__garbagedump__dump__trash_dump__trashdump__rubbishdump__wasteyard__dumpsite  a piece of land where waste materials are dumped
                 subtype:  #eitchen_midden__eitchenmidden__midden__kitchen_midden__kitchenmidden  (archeology) a mound of domestic refuse containing shells and animal bones marking the site of a prehistoric settlement
                 subtype:  #garbage_heap__garbageheap__junk_heap__rubbish_heap__rubbishheap__scrapheap__trash_heap__trashheap__junk_pile__trash_pile__trashpile__refuse_heap  an accumulation of refuse and discarded matter
                 subtype:  #toxic_waste_dump__toxicwastedump__toxic_waste_site__toxicwastesite__toxic_dumpsite__toxicdumpsite  a location where toxic wastes can be or have been disposed of (often illegally)
              subtype:  #fairway  the area between the tee and putting green where the grass is cut short
              subtype:  #putting_green__puttinggreen__green  an area of closely cropped grass surrounding the hole on a golf course; "the ball rolled across the green and into the trap"
              subtype:  #launching_site__launchingsite  a place for launching pads
              subtype:  #monument  an important site that is marked and preserved as public property
                 subtype:  #market_cross  a cross-shaped monument set up in the marketplace of a town where public business is often conducted
              subtype:  #premises  land and buildings together considered as a place of business; "bread is baked on the premises"
              subtype:  #rough  the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short
              subtype:  #tee__teeing_ground  the starting place for each hole on a golf course; "they were waiting on the first tee"
           subtype:  #subdivision.piece_of_land  an area composed of subdivided lots
           subtype:  #mine_field  a tract of land containing explosive mines
           subtype:  #terrain  a piece of ground having specific characteristics or military potential; "they decided to attack across the rocky terrain"
           subtype:  #plot_of_ground__plot__patch  a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation; "a bean plot"; "a cabbage patch"; "a briar patch"
              subtype:  #bed.plot_of_ground  a plot of ground in which plants are growing; "the gardener planted a bed of roses"
                 subtype:  #asparagus_bed__asparagusbed  a bed in which asparagus is growing
                 subtype:  #flowerbed__bedofflower  a bed in which flowers are growing
                    subtype:  #rose_bed__bed_of_roses  a flower bed in which roses are growing
                    subtype:  #tulip_bed  a flowerbed in which tulips are growing
                 subtype:  #hotbed  a bed of earth covered with glass and heated by rotting manure to promote the growth of plants
                 subtype:  #seedbed  a bed where seedlings are grown before transplanting
                 subtype:  #turnip_bed  a bed in which turnips are growing
              subtype:  #garden  a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
                 subtype:  #flower_garden  a garden featuring flowering plants
                    subtype:  #parterre  an ornamental flower garden; beds and paths are arranged to form a pattern
                 subtype:  #formal_garden  a garden laid out on regular lines with plants arranged in symmetrical locations or in geometrical designs
                    subtype:  #Tuileries_Gardens__Tuileries  formal gardens next to the Louvre in Paris
                 subtype:  #woodlet__grove__orchard  garden consisting of a small cultivated wood without undergrowth
                    subtype:  #apple_orchard__appleorchard  a grove of apple trees
                    subtype:  #lemon_grove__lemongrove  a grove of lemon trees
                    subtype:  #orange_grove  grove of orange trees
                    subtype:  #peach_orchard__peachorchard  a grove of peach trees
                 subtype:  #Hanging_Gardens_of_Babylon  terraced garden at Babylon watered by pumps from the Euphrates; construction attributed to Nebuchadnezzar around 600 BC; one of the seven wonders of the ancient world
                 subtype:  #herb_garden  a garden for growing herbs
                 subtype:  #hop_garden__hopgarden__hop_field__hopfield  a garden where hops are grown
                 subtype:  #kitchen_garden__kitchengarden__vegetable_garden__vegetablegarden__vegetablepatch  a small garden where vegetables are grown
                    subtype:  #victory_garden__victorygarden  a kitchen garden planted during wartime to relieve food shortages
                 subtype:  #landscaping  a garden laid out for esthetic effect; "they spent a great deal of money on the landscaping"
                 subtype:  #market_garden  a garden where fruit and vegetables are grown for marketing
                 subtype:  #rock_garden__rockery  a garden featuring rocks; usually alpine plants
                 subtype:  #roof_garden  a garden on a flat roof of a building
                 subtype:  #rose_garden  a garden for growing roses
                 subtype:  #sunken_garden  a garden set below the level of the ground surrounding it
                 subtype:  #tea_garden__teagarden  a public garden where tea is served
                 subtype:  #topiary.garden  a garden having shrubs clipped or trimmed into decorative shapes especially of animals
           subtype:  #lot  a parcel of land having fixed boundaries; "he bought a lot on the lake"
              subtype:  #parking_lot__parkinglot__car_park__carpark__parking_area__parkingarea  a lot where cars are parked
                 subtype:  #used-car_lot  a parking lot where a dealer in used-cars displays cars for sale
              subtype:  #vacant_lot__building_site  a lot on which there are no permanent buildings
                 subtype:  #sandlot  a vacant lot used by city boys to play games
           subtype:  #yard.piece_of_land  a tract of land enclosed for particular activities (sometimes paved and usually associated with buildings); "they opened a repair yard on the edge of town"
              subtype:  #junkyard  a field where junk is collected and stored for resale
              subtype:  #schoolyard  the yard associated with a school
              subtype:  #churchyard__God's_acre  the yard associated with a church
              subtype:  #tiltyard  (formerly) an enclosed field for tilting contests
        subtype:  #urban_area__urbanarea  a geographical area constituting a city or town
           subtype:  #megalopolis__megalopoli  a very large urban complex (usually involving several cities and towns)
           subtype:  #conurbation__urban_sprawl__urbansprawl  an aggregation or continuous network of urban communities
              subtype:  #subtopia  (Brit) monotonous urban sprawl of standardized buildings
           subtype:  #municipality.urban_area  an urban district having corporate status and powers of self-government
           subtype:  #barrio  an urban area in a Spanish-speaking country
           instance:  #Rustbelt  #Twin_Cities
        subtype:  #Victoria_Land  a mountainous area of Antarctica bounded by the Ross Sea
        subtype:  #wilderness__wild  a wild and uninhabited area
           subtype:  #barren__waste__wasteland  an uninhabited wilderness that is worthless for cultivation; "the barrens of central Africa"; "the trackless wastes of the desert"
              subtype:  #heathland__heath  (British) a tract of level wasteland; uncultivated land with sandy soil and scrubby vegetation
           subtype:  #bush  a large wilderness area
              subtype:  #outback  the remote bush country of Australia
           subtype:  #frontier  a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country; "the individualism of the frontier in Andrew Jackson's day"
        subtype:  #zone.geographical_area  a circumscribed geographical region characterized by some distinctive features
           subtype:  #island.zone  a zone or area resembling an island
              subtype:  #traffic_island__trafficisland__safety_island__safety_isle__safety_zone  an island area in a roadway from which traffic is excluded; provides safe area for pedestrians
        subtype:  #French_region  a geographical subdivision of France
           instance:  #French_Riviera__Cote_d'Azur  #Alsace__Alsatia__Elsass  #Anjou  #Aquitaine__Aquitania  #Artois  #Auvergne  #Basse-Normandie__Lower-Normandy  #Bourgogne__Burgundy  #Bretagne__Brittany__Breiz  #Centre  #Champagne-Ardenne__Champagne  #Corse__Corsica  #Franche-Comte  #Gascogne__Gascony  #Haute-Normandie__Upper-Normandy  #Ile-de-France  #Languedoc-Roussillon  #Limousin  #Lorraine__Lothringen  #Martinique  #Mayenne  #Midi-Pyrenees  #Nord-Pas-de-Calais  #Pays_de_la_Loire  #Picardie__Picardy  #Poitou-Charentes__Poitou  #Rhone-Alpes  #Provence
        subtype:  #Baltic_State__Baltic_Republic  European countries bordering the Baltic Sea
           instance:  #Estonia__Republic_of_Estonia__Esthonia  #Latvia__Republic_of_Latvia  #Lithuania__Republic_of_Lithuania__Lietuva
        subtype:  #Colony  one of the 13 British colonies that formed the original states of the United States
           instance:  #Connecticut.Colony__connecticut  #Delaware.Colony__delaware  #Georgia.Colony__georgia  #Maryland.Colony__maryland  #Massachusetts_Bay_Colony__Massachusetts  #New_Hampshire.Colony__newhampshire  #New_Jersey.Colony__newjersey  #New_York.Colony__newyork  #North_Carolina.Colony__northcarolina  #Pennsylvania.Colony__pennsylvania  #Rhode_Island.Colony__rhodeisland  #South_Carolina.Colony__southcarolina  #Virginia.Colony__virginia
        instance:  #Bad_Lands__Badlands  #Barbary  #Caucasia__Caucasus  #East_USA  #Southeast_USA  #Southwest_USA  #Northeast_USA  #Northwest_USA  #Midwest_USA__Middle_West_USA  #West_USA  #Wild_West_USA  #Phrygia  #Pontus  #Illyria  #Caribbean  #Bengal  #Patagonia  #pampas  #Rhineland__Rheinland  #Southeast_Asia  #Manchuria  #Turkistan__Turkestan  #French_Indochina  #Central_America  #Czechoslovakia  #Bohemia  #northern_Europe  #Scandinavia  #Brandenburg  #Prussia__Preussen  #Ruhr_Valley__Ruhr  #Thuringia  #Karelia  #Epirus  #Laconia  #Lycia  #Lydia  #Thessalia__Thessaly  #Arcadia  #Middle_East__Near_East  #Fertile_Crescent  #West_Bank  #Galilee  #Gaza_Strip  #Golan_Heights  #Canaan__Palestine__Holy_Land__Promised_Land  #Juda__Judah  #Judea__Judaea  #Philistia  #Byzantine_Empire__Eastern_Roman_Empire  #Montenegro__Crna_Gora  #Dalmatia  #Serbia__Srbija  #Labrador  #Maritime_Provinces__Maritimes  #Klondike  #Austria-Hungary  #British_Empire  #East_Anglia  #Lancashire  #Yorkshire  #Northumbria  #West_Country  #Sussex  #Wessex  #Ulster  #Hindustan  #Sikkim  #Kanara__Canara  #Punjab  #Gujerat__Gujarat  #Maharashtra  #Levant  #Macedon__Macedonia__Makedonija  #Thrace  #Mesopotamia  #Babylonia  #Sumer  #Assyria  #Phoenicia__Phenicia  #Gallia__Gaul  #Riviera  #Midi  #Normandie__Normandy  #Orleanais  #Lyonnais  #Guiana  #ultima_Thule__Thule  #Lappland__Lapland  #Mongolia  #Western_Sahara__Spanish_Sahara  #Kashmir__Cashmere  #Parthia  #Siberia  #Livonia  #Colchis  #Donets_Basin__Donbass__Donbas  #Latin_America  #Galicia  #Leon.geographical_area__leon  #Sudan__Soudan  #Tanganyika  #Ionia  #New_England  #Mid-Atlantic_states  #Gulf_States  #Confederate_States_of_America__Confederacy__South__Dixie__Dixieland  #South_USA  #Deep_South  #Old_South  #Sunbelt  #Tidewater  #Piedmont  #Union__North  #North_USA  #Carolina  #Dakota.geographical_area__dakota  #Bluegrass_Country__Bluegrass__Bluegrass_Region  #Low_Countries  #Lusitania  #Silesia__Slask__Slezsko__Schlesien  #Big_Sur  #Silicon_Valley  #Sub-Saharan_Africa__Black_Africa  #Scythia  #West_Africa
     subtype:  #biogeographical_region__biogeographicalregion  an area of the Earth determined by distribution of flora and fauna
        subtype:  #benthos__bentho__benthic_division__benthicdivision__benthonic_zone__benthoniczone  a region including the bottom of the sea and the littoral zones
     subtype:  #irredenta__irridenta  a region that is related ethnically or historically to one country but is controlled politically by another
     subtype:  #antipodes__antipode  any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth; "the North Pole and the South Pole are antipodes"
     subtype:  #unknown_region__unknownregion__terra_incognita__terraincognita  an unknown and unexplored region; "they came like angels out the unknown"
     subtype:  #occident__West  the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North and South America
     subtype:  #Europe  the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use `Europe' to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles
     subtype:  #dry_land__dryland__land__earth__solid_ground__solidground__terrafirma  the solid part of the earth's surface; "the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land"; "the earth shook for several minutes"; "he dropped the logs on the ground"
        subtype:  #the_Americas__America  North and South America
        subtype:  #archipelago  a group of many islands in a large body of water
           instance:  #Cape_Verde_Islands  #Tierra_del_Fuego  #Comoro_Islands__Iles_Comores  #West_Indies__the_Indies  #Antilles  #Greater_Antilles  #Lesser_Antilles__Caribees  #Leeward_Islands  #Windward_Islands  #Svalbard  #Lofoten  #Aland_islands__Aaland_islands__Ahvenanmaa  #Aleutian_Islands__Aleutians  #Oceania__Oceanica  #Australasia  #Austronesia  #Melanesia  #Micronesia  #Mariana_Islands__Marianas__Ladrone_Islands  #Caroline_Islands  #Marshall_Islands  #Gilbert_Islands  #Ellice_Islands__Tuvalu  #Polynesia  #Malay_Archipelago__East_Indies  #Sunda_Islands  #Greater_Sunda_Islands  #Lesser_Sunda_Islands__Nusa_Tenggara  #Bismarck_Archipelago  #Admiralty_Islands  #Hebrides__Hebridean_Islands__Hebridean_Isles__Western_Islands__Western_Isles  #Inner_Hebrides  #Outer_Hebrides  #Japanese_Islands__Japan__Japanese_Archipelago  #Ryukyu_Islands  #Orkney_Islands  #Shetland_Islands__Shetland__Zetland  #Palau_Islands__Palau__Belau__Pelew  #Philippines__Philippine_Islands  #Society_Islands  #Tuamotu_Archipelago__Paumotu_Archipelago__Low_Archipelago  #Tubuai_Islands__Austral_Islands  #Gambier_Islands  #Marquesas_Islands__Iles_Marquises  #Solomons__Solomon_Islands  #Balearic_Islands  #Alexander_Archipelago  #Hawaiian_Islands__Sandwich_Islands
        subtype:  #ness__cape  a strip of land projecting into a body of water
           subtype:  #Cape_Sable.ness__capesable  a cape at the southwest tip of Florida; the southernmost part of the United States mainland
           subtype:  #spit.ness__tongue  a narrow strip of land that juts out into the sea
           instance:  #Cape_Horn  #Lindeness__Naze  #Cape_of_Good_Hope  #Cape_May  #Cape_Fear  #Cape_Hatteras
        subtype:  #coastal_plain__coastalplain  a plain adjacent to a coast
           subtype:  #tidewater  low-lying coastal land drained by tidal streams
        subtype:  #floor.dry_land  the ground on which people and animals move about; "the fire spared the forest floor"
        subtype:  #foreland  land forming the forward margin of something
        subtype:  #woodland__forest__timberland__timber  land that is covered with trees and shrubs
           subtype:  #Black_Forest__Schwarzwald  a hilly forest region in southwestern Germany
           subtype:  #greenwood  woodlands in full leaf; "the greenwood was Robin Hood's home"
           subtype:  #jungle  an impenetrable equatorial forest
           subtype:  #tropical_rain_forest__rain_forest  a tropical forest with heavy annual rainfall
           subtype:  #riparian_forest  woodlands along the banks of stream or river
           subtype:  #Sherwood_Forest  an ancient forest in central England; formerly a royal hunting ground; said to be the home of Robin Hood and his merry band
           subtype:  #silva__sylva  the forest trees growing in a country or region
           subtype:  #tree_farm  a forest (or part of a forest) where trees are grown for commercial use
              subtype:  #pinetum  an area planted with pine trees or related conifers
        subtype:  #hills__hill  hilly land; "they loved to roam the hills of West Virginia"; "the Black Hills"
           subtype:  #foothills__foothill  hilly land on the lower slopes of mountains
           instance:  #Cotswolds__Cotswold_Hills  #Nilgiri_Hills  #Black_Hills
        subtype:  #island  a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water
           subtype:  #Aegean_island  an island in the Aegean Sea
              instance:  #Aigina__Aegina  #Chios__Khios  #Cyclades__Kikladhes  #Dodecanese__Dhodhekanisos  #Lesbos__Lesvos__Mytilene  #Rhodes__Rodhos
           subtype:  #barrier_island__barrierisland  a long narrow sandy island (wider than a reef) running parallel to the shore
              instance:  #Hatteras_Island
           subtype:  #isle__islet  a small island
              instance:  #Isle_of_Wight__Wight
           subtype:  #Kodiak_Island__Kodiak  an island off southern Alaska in the Gulf of Alaska; site of the first European settlement in the area which was founded by the Russians in 1784
           subtype:  #South_Sea_Islands  any islands in the southern or southwestern of central parts of the Pacific Ocean
           instance:  #Anguilla  #Aran_Islands  #Cayman_Islands  #Antigua  #Atlantis  #Barbuda  #Redonda  #Bermuda__Bermudas  #Montserrat  #Sao_Tiago_Island  #Falkland_Islands  #Ceylon  #Chiloe  #Formosa__Taiwan  #Taiwan__China__Nationalist_China__Republic_of_China  #Guadalupe_Island  #Caribbean_Island  #Netherlands_Antilles  #Aruba  #Bonaire  #Curacao  #Saba  #Saint_Eustatius__St._Eustatius  #Saint_Martin__St._Martin__Saint_Maarten__St._Maarten  #Cuba  #Guadeloupe  #Hispaniola__Haiti__Hayti  #Puerto_Rico__Porto_Rico  #Jamaica  #Virgin_Islands  #Barbados  #Trinidad  #Tobago  #Cyprus  #Zealand__Seeland__Sjaelland  #Dominica  #Bioko  #Spitsbergen__Spitzbergen  #Galapagos_Islands__Galapagos  #Fiji_Islands__Fijis  #Viti_Levu  #Vanua_Levu  #Crete__Kriti  #Ithaki__Ithaca  #Egadi_Islands__Aegadean_Isles__Aegadean_Islands__Isole_Egadi__Aegates  #Lemnos__Limnos  #Capri  #Ischia  #Sardinia__Sardegna  #Sicilia__Sicily  #Greenland__Gronland__Kalaallit_Nunaat  #Baffin_Island  #Vancouver_Island  #Newfoundland.island__newfoundland  #Tasmanian_Island__Tasmania  #Guam__GU  #Saipan.island__saipan  #Wake_Island__Wake  #Nauru_Island__Nauru__Pleasant_Island  #Borneo__Kalimantan  #Bougainville  #Guadalcanal  #New_Britain  #New_Caledonia  #New_Guinea__Papua  #New_Ireland  #Bahrain_Island__Bahrain__Bahrein__Bahrein_Island  #British_Isles  #Great_Britain  #Ireland__Hibernia__Emerald_Isle  #Isle_of_Man__Man  #Anglesey_Island__Anglesey__Anglesea__Anglesea_Island__Mona  #Java  #Bali  #Timor  #Sumatra  #Celebes__Sulawesi  #Moluccas__Spice_Islands  #Hokkaido__Ezo__Yezo  #Honshu__Hondo  #Kyushu  #Shikoku  #Okinawa  #Ile-St-Louis  #Corsica__Corse  #Martinique  #Faroe_Islands__Faeroe_Islands__Faroes__Faeroes  #Iceland  #Madagascar  #Maldives__Maldive_Islands  #Malta  #Mauritius  #New_Zealand_Islands__New_Zealand  #Cebu  #Luzon  #Mindoro  #Visayan_Islands__Bisayas  #Azores__Acores  #Madeira_Islands  #Saint_Christopher__St._Christopher__Saint_Kitts__St._Kitts  #Nevis  #Sombrero  #Saint_Lucia__St._Lucia  #Saint_Vincent__St._Vincent  #Tahiti  #Samoa  #Principe  #Seychelles.island__seychelle  #Singapore.island__singapore  #Novaya_Zemlya__Nova_Zembla  #Majorca  #Canary_Islands__Canaries  #Tenerife  #Zanzibar  #Admiralty_Island  #Santa_Catalina__Catalina_Island  #Hawaii_Island__Hawaii  #Kahoolawe_Island__Kahoolawe  #Kauai_Island__Kauai  #Lanai_Island__Lanai  #Maui_Island__Maui  #Molokai_Island__Molokai  #Nihau_Island__Nihau  #Oahu_Island__Oahu  #Martha's_Vineyard  #Nantucket  #Ellis_Island  #Long_Island  #Galveston_Island  #Krakatau__Krakatao__Krakatoa
        subtype:  #isthmus  a relatively narrow strip of land (with water on both sides) connecting two larger land areas
           subtype:  #Isthmus_of_Corinth  a narrow isthmus between the Gulf of Corinth and the Saronic Gulf; a canal crosses the isthmus so that navigation is possible between the gulfs
           subtype:  #Isthmus_of_Kra  a narrow isthmus linking the Malay Peninsula to the Asian mainland
           subtype:  #Isthmus_of_Suez__isthmusofsuez  the isthmus in northeastern Egypt that connects Africa and Asia
           subtype:  #Isthmus_of_Tehuantepec  the narrowest part of southern Mexico is an isthmus between the Bay of Campeche on the north coast and the Gulf of Tehuantepec on the south coast
           subtype:  #Karelian_Isthmus  the isthmus between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga that connects Finland and Russia
           instance:  #Isthmus_of_Panama
        subtype:  #landmass  a large continuous extent of land
           subtype:  #continent  one of the large landmasses of the earth; "there are seven continents"; "pioneers had to cross the continent on foot"
              instance:  #Africa  #Antarctica__Antarctic_continent  #Asia  #Australian_continent  #Eurasia  #Gondwanaland  #Laurasia  #North_America  #Pangaea__Pangea  #South_America
           subtype:  #subcontinent  a large and distinctive landmass (as India or Greenland) that is a distinct part of some continent
        subtype:  #mainland  the main land mass of a country or continent; as distinguished from an island or peninsula
        subtype:  #neck.dry_land  a narrow elongated projecting strip of land
        subtype:  #oxbow.dry_land  the land inside an oxbow bend in a river
        subtype:  #peninsula  a large mass of land projecting into a body of water
           subtype:  #Alaska_Peninsula.peninsula__alaskapeninsula  a peninsula of southwestern Alaska
           subtype:  #Lower_Peninsula  the part of northern Michigan between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron
           instance:  #Asia_Minor__Anatolia  #Balkan_Peninsula__Balkans  #Indochina__Indochinese_peninsula  #Yucatan_Peninsula__Yucatan  #Scandinavian_Peninsula__Scandinavia  #Jutland__Jylland  #Peloponnese__Peloponnesus__Peloponnesian_Peninsula  #Italian_Peninsula  #Nova_Scotia.peninsula__novascotia  #Arabian_Peninsula__Arabia  #Sinai_Peninsula__Sinai  #Korea__Korean_Peninsula__Choson  #Malay_Peninsula  #Iberian_Peninsula__Iberia  #Qatar_Peninsula__Qatar__Katar__Katar_Peninsula  #Somali_peninsula__Horn_of_Africa  #Kola_Peninsula  #Crimea  #Kamchatka_Peninsula  #Taimyr_Peninsula__Taymyr_Peninsula  #Alaska_Peninsula  #Seward_Peninsula  #Cape_Ann  #Cape_Cod  #Labrador-Ungava_peninsula  #Lower_California__Baja_California  #Upper_Peninsula
        subtype:  #plain__champaign  extensive tract of level open land; "they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain"; "he longed for the fields of his youth"
           subtype:  #flat  a level tract of land
              subtype:  #salt_flat__salt_plain  a flat expanse of salt left by the evaporation of a body of salt water
           subtype:  #llano  an extensive grassy and nearly treeless plain (especially in Latin America)
           subtype:  #moor__moorland  open land usually with peaty soil covered with heather and bracken and moss
           subtype:  #snowfield  a permanent wide expanse of snow
           subtype:  #steppe  extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)
           subtype:  #tundra  a vast treeless plain in the arctic regions between the ice cap and the tree line
           instance:  #Olympia
        subtype:  #slash.dry_land  an open tract of land in a forest that is strewn with debris from logging (or fire or wind)
        subtype:  #wonderland.dry_land  a place or scene of great or strange beauty or wonder
     subtype:  pm#Mediterranean_region
     subtype:  pm#North_Africa
     subtype:  vin#Chateau_Margaux
     instance:  #Old_World  #Far_East  #European_mainland__Continent

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